{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2023.1186439","title":"Anti-dense fine speckled 70 (DFS70) autoantibodies: correlates and increasing prevalence in the United States","abstract":"Objective: Recent studies report high-titer anti-dense fine speckled 70 (DFS70) autoantibodies in persons with inflammatory conditions, but the clinical significance remains unclear. Our goals were to estimate anti-DFS70 autoantibody prevalence, identify correlates, and assess time trends. Methods: Serum antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were measured by indirect immunofluorescence assay on HEp-2 cells in 13,519 participants ≥12 years old from three time periods (1988-1991, 1999-2004, 2011-2012) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ANA-positive participants with dense fine speckled staining were evaluated for anti-DFS70 antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We used logistic models adjusted for survey-design variables to estimate period-specific anti-DFS70 antibody prevalence in the US, and we further adjusted for sex, age, and race/ethnicity to identify correlates and assess time trends. Results: Women were more likely than men (odds ratio (OR)=2.97), black persons were less likely than white persons (OR=0.60), and active smokers were less likely than nonsmokers (OR=0.28) to have anti-DFS70 antibodies. The prevalence of anti-DFS70 antibodies increased from 1.6% in 1988-1991 to 2.5% in 1999-2004 to 4.0% in 2011-2012, which corresponds to 3.2 million, 5.8 million, and 10.4 million seropositive individuals, respectively. This increasing time trend in the US population (P<0.0001) was modified in some subgroups and was not explained by concurrent changes in tobacco smoke exposure. Some, but not all, anti-DFS70 antibody correlates and time trends resembled those reported for total ANA. Conclusion: More research is needed to elucidate anti-DFS70 antibody triggers, their pathologic or potentially protective influences on disease, and their possible clinical implications.","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2023,"id":347990,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":11,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9083,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":376464,"name":"Bing Zheng","orcid":"0000-0003-3532-610X","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247403,"name":"Caroll A. Co","orcid":"0000-0002-4871-5975","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247401,"name":"Christine G. Parks","orcid":"0000-0002-5734-3456","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247402,"name":"Clarice R. Weinberg","orcid":"0000-0002-7713-8556","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247406,"name":"Frederick W. Miller","orcid":"0000-0003-2831-9593","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247405,"name":"Edward K. L. Chan","orcid":"0000-0003-3938-9503","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":247400,"name":"Gregg E. Dinse","orcid":"0000-0003-1456-5582","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:12:01.859977Z","pmid":"37426660","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}