{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2023.1043631","title":"Improved memory CD8 T cell response to delayed vaccine boost is associated with a distinct molecular signature","abstract":"Effective secondary response to antigen is a hallmark of immunological memory. However, the extent of memory CD8 T cell response to secondary boost varies at different times after a primary response. Considering the central role of memory CD8 T cells in long-lived protection against viral infections and tumors, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the changing responsiveness of these cells to antigenic challenge would be beneficial. We examined here primed CD8 T cell response to boost in a BALB/c mouse model of intramuscular vaccination by priming with HIV-1 gag-encoding Chimpanzee adenovector, and boosting with HIV-1 gag-encoding Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara. We found that boost was more effective at day(d)100 than at d30 post-prime, as evaluated at d45 post-boost by multi-lymphoid organ assessment of gag-specific CD8 T cell frequency, CD62L-expression (as a guide to memory status) and in vivo killing. RNA-sequencing of splenic gag-primed CD8 T cells at d100 revealed a quiescent, but highly responsive signature, that trended toward a central memory (CD62L + ) phenotype. Interestingly, gag-specific CD8 T cell frequency selectively diminished in the blood at d100, relative to the spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow. These results open the possibility to modify prime/boost intervals to achieve an improved memory CD8 T cell secondary response.","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2023,"id":384636,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9492,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":771422,"name":"Sonia Simonetti","orcid":"0000-0002-0673-1272","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":996407,"name":"Gabriele Favaretto","orcid":"0009-0004-5489-2494","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":996408,"name":"Lorenzo Lucantonio","orcid":"0000-0003-0554-0658","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":771424,"name":"Giovanna Peruzzi","orcid":"0000-0002-6517-9107","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":996409,"name":"Miguel Muñoz‐Ruiz","orcid":"0000-0001-7986-3527","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":625222,"name":"Gavin Kelly","orcid":"0000-0001-7219-560X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":695112,"name":"Alessandra M. Contino","orcid":"0000-0001-7244-6640","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":996846,"name":"Roberta Sbrocchi","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":695110,"name":"Simone Battella","orcid":"0000-0002-1882-1451","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":402126,"name":"Stefania Capone","orcid":"0000-0002-2272-120X","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":797349,"name":"Antonella Folgori","orcid":"0000-0001-8951-6633","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":771425,"name":"Alfredo Nicosia","orcid":"0000-0002-4731-5822","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":324378,"name":"Angela Santoni","orcid":"0000-0003-1206-7731","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312634,"name":"Adrian Hayday","orcid":"0000-0002-9495-5793","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":771426,"name":"Francesca Di Rosa","orcid":"0000-0003-0252-9138","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":771423,"name":"Ambra Natalini","orcid":"0000-0002-7618-493X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":70,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:17:37.110513Z","pmid":"36865556","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}