{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2022.848571","title":"Dichotomy in Neutralizing Antibody Induction to Peptide-Conjugated Vaccine in Squalene Emulsion Contrast With Aluminum Hydroxide Formulation","abstract":"W614A-3S peptide is a modified 3S motif of the HIV-gp41 (mutation W614A). We previously detected the presence of natural neutralizing antibodies directed against W614A-3S peptide (NAbs) in long-term non-progressor HIV + patients. Here, we compared the efficacy of W614A-3S peptide formulated in either squalene emulsion (SQE) or in aluminum hydroxide (Alum) in inducing broadly-NAbs (bNAbs). Rabbit and mouse models were used to screen the induction of bNAbs following 4 immunizations. SQE was more efficient than Alum formulation in inducing W614A-3S-specific bNAbs with up to 67%–93% of HIV strains neutralized. We then analyzed the quality of peptide-specific murine B cells by single-cell gene expression by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and single-cell V(D)J sequencing. We found more frequent germinal center B cells in SQE than in Alum, albeit with a different gene expression profile. The V(D)J sequencing of W614A-3S-specific BCR showed significant differences in BCR sequences and validates the dichotomy between adjuvant formulations. All sixteen BCR sequences which were cloned were specific of peptide. Adjuvant formulations of W614A-3S-peptide-conjugated immunogen impact the quantity and quality of B cell immune responses at both the gene expression level and BCR sequence.","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2022,"id":295308,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9526,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":981664,"name":"Chloé Chaudesaigues","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":617867,"name":"Monica Tolazzi","orcid":"0000-0002-5289-3694","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":981665,"name":"Ehsan Suleiman","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":981255,"name":"Simon de Bernard","orcid":"0000-0002-3390-0924","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":981256,"name":"Karine Alves","orcid":"0000-0001-8239-5795","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":981257,"name":"Julien Nourikyan","orcid":"0000-0001-9943-1326","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":981258,"name":"Mylène Bohec","orcid":"0000-0002-6530-596X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":841354,"name":"Laura G. Baudrin","orcid":"0009-0000-4358-1499","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":702436,"name":"Dietmar Katinger","orcid":"0000-0002-0536-3148","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":981666,"name":"Patrice Debré","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":617875,"name":"Gabriella Scarlatti","orcid":"0000-0003-2316-2689","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":981259,"name":"Vincent Vieillard","orcid":"0000-0002-9362-3922","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":933756,"name":"Béhazine Combadière","orcid":"0000-0002-2353-4406","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":981663,"name":"Olivia Bonduelle","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":37,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:31:08.861377Z","pmid":"35464449","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}