{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2021.679675","title":"A Comparison of Ex Vivo Expanded Human Regulatory T Cells Using Allogeneic Stimulated B Cells or Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells","abstract":"Alloreactive regulatory T cells (arTregs) are more potent than polyclonal Tregs at suppressing immune responses to transplant antigens. Human arTregs can be expanded with allogeneic CD40L-stimulated B cells (sBcs) or stimulated-matured monocyte-derived dendritic cells (sDCs). Here, we compared the expansion efficiency and properties of arTregs stimulated ex vivo using these two types of antigen-presenting cells. Compared to sBcs, sDCs stimulated Tregs to expand two times more in number. The superior expansion-inducing capacity of sDCs correlated with their higher expression of CD80, CD86, and T cell-attracting chemokines. sBc- and sDC-arTregs expressed comparable levels of FOXP3, HELIOS, CD25, CD27, and CD62L, demethylated FOXP3 enhancer and in vitro suppressive function. sBc- and sDCs-arTregs had similar gene expression profiles that were distinct from primary Tregs. sBc- and sDC-arTregs exhibited similar low frequencies of IFN-γ, IL-4, and IL-17A-producing cells, and the cytokine-producing arTregs expressed high levels of FOXP3. Almost all sBc- and sDC-arTregs expressed CXCR3, which may enable them traffic to inflammatory sites. Thus, sDCs-arTregs that expand more readily, are phenotypically similar to sBc-arTregs, supporting sDCs as a viable alternative for arTreg production for clinical evaluation.","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2021,"id":192020,"datarank":0.5910282585376153,"base_score":2.5649493574615367,"endowment":2.5649493574615367,"self_citation_contribution":0.38474240361923057,"citation_network_contribution":0.20628585491838472,"self_endowment_contribution":0.38474240361923057,"citer_contribution":0.20628585491838472,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":11,"citers_with_citation_signal":10,"citers_with_endowment":10,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9441,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":238242,"name":"Hong Zhang","orcid":"0000-0003-4943-1859","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":117504,"name":"Karim Lee","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":759087,"name":"Horace Liang","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":331472,"name":"Alexander A. Merleev","orcid":"0000-0002-5735-7233","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":571287,"name":"Flavio Vincenti","orcid":"0000-0002-6701-4680","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":233183,"name":"Emanual Maverakis","orcid":"0000-0002-6294-6294","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":325791,"name":"Angus W. Thomson","orcid":"0000-0001-6731-8871","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":285543,"name":"Qizhi Tang","orcid":"0000-0001-7313-3574","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":758460,"name":"Linda M. Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-8106-1360","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":36,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:49:39.281850Z","pmid":"34220826","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}