{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2021.638917","title":"Characterization of the Anti-Inflammatory Capacity of IL-10-Producing Neutrophils in Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection","abstract":"Neutrophils are immune cells classically defined as pro-inflammatory effector cells. However, current accumulated evidence indicates that neutrophils have more versatile immune-modulating properties. During acute lung infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae in mice, interleukin-10 (IL-10) production is required to temper an excessive lung injury and to improve survival, yet the cellular source of IL-10 and the immunomodulatory role of neutrophils during S. pneumoniae infection remain unknown. Here we show that neutrophils are the main myeloid cells that produce IL-10 in the lungs during the first 48 h of infection. Importantly, in vitro assays with bone-marrow derived neutrophils confirmed that IL-10 can be induced by these cells by the direct recognition of pneumococcal antigens. In vivo , we identified the recruitment of two neutrophil subpopulations in the lungs following infection, which exhibited clear morphological differences and a distinctive profile of IL-10 production at 48 h post-infection. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of neutrophils from WT mice into IL-10 knockout mice ( Il10 -/- ) fully restored IL-10 production in the lungs and reduced lung histopathology. These results suggest that IL-10 production by neutrophils induced by S. pneumoniae limits lung injury and is important to mediate an effective immune response required for host survival.","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2021,"id":162581,"datarank":0.5806801516361837,"base_score":3.8712010109078907,"endowment":3.8712010109078907,"self_citation_contribution":0.5806801516361837,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5806801516361837,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":47,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9531,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":634928,"name":"Felipe Melo-González","orcid":"0000-0002-3711-2407","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":680022,"name":"Valentina P. Sebastián","orcid":"0000-0002-0808-0733","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":634937,"name":"Omar P. Vallejos","orcid":"0000-0002-5203-7062","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":456888,"name":"Loreani P. Noguera","orcid":"0000-0002-6373-5376","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":680023,"name":"Isidora D. Suazo","orcid":"0000-0001-8274-7471","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":379136,"name":"Bárbara M. Schultz","orcid":"0000-0002-6201-6978","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":680980,"name":"Andrés H. Manosalva","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":347792,"name":"Hernán F. Peñaloza","orcid":"0000-0002-1593-678X","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":461114,"name":"Jorge A. Soto","orcid":"0000-0003-0335-9759","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":403784,"name":"Dane Parker","orcid":"0000-0001-7304-3392","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":680024,"name":"Claudia A. Riedel","orcid":"0000-0001-6168-8601","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":141980,"name":"Pablo A. González","orcid":"0000-0001-7709-6870","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":423609,"name":"Alexis M. Kalergis","orcid":"0000-0001-7622-5263","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":379138,"name":"Susan M. Bueno","orcid":"0000-0002-7551-8088","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":380020,"name":"Liliana A González","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":79,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:45:05.641178Z","pmid":"33995357","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}