{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2021.619988","title":"Phenotype Definition for “Resisters” to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in the Literature—A Review and Recommendations","abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) remains a worldwide problem. Despite the high disease rate, not all who are infected with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ( Mtb ) develop disease. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) specific T cell immune assays such as Quantiferon and Elispot, as well as a skin hypersensitivity test, known as a tuberculin skin test, are widely used to infer infection. These assays measure immune conversion in response to Mtb . Some individuals measure persistently negative to immune conversion, despite high and prolonged exposure to Mtb . Increasing interest into this phenotype has led to multiple publications describing various aspects of these responses. However, there is a lack of a unified “resister” definition. A universal definition will improve cross study data comparisons and assist with future study design and planning. We review the current literature describing this phenotype and make recommendations for future studies.","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2021,"id":169136,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":29,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9637,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":457013,"name":"Elouise E. Kroon","orcid":"0000-0002-8551-3301","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":457018,"name":"Marlo Möller","orcid":"0000-0002-0805-6741","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231947,"name":"Catherine M. Stein","orcid":"0000-0002-9763-5023","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":699432,"name":"J. Mira Gutiérrez","orcid":"0000-0002-4168-5160","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":96,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:46:11.334362Z","pmid":"33717116","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}