{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2020.01946","title":"CD4 T Follicular Helper Cells Prevent Depletion of Follicular B Cells in Response to Cecal Ligation and Puncture","abstract":"Recent studies have demonstrated that induction of a diverse repertoire of memory T cells (“immune education”) affects responses to murine cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), the most widely – used animal model of sepsis. Among the documented effects of immune education on CLP are changes in T cell, macrophage and neutrophil activity, more pronounced organ dysfunction and reduced survival. Little is known, however, about the effects of CLP on B cell responses, and how these responses might be altered by immune education. Importantly, effective B cell responses are modulated by IL21 produced by CD4+/CXCR5+/PD1+ T follicular helper (Tfh) cells. We examined the B cell population in control and immune educated mice 24 hrs. and 60 days after CLP. Education alone increased Tfh cells. Twenty-four hours after CLP, Tfh cells were depleted. However, this reduction was less pronounced in immune educated mice than in controls and the percentage of CD4 T cells expressing a Tfh phenotype increased in the animals. CLP did not alter splenic architecture and decreased numbers of follicular, marginal and germinal center B cells. CLP induced changes were not, however, noted following CLP in immune educated mice. At 60 days post – CLP, numbers of follicular, germinal center and marginal zone B cells were increased; this increase was more pronounced in immune educated mice. Finally, while CLP reduced the induction of antigen specific B cells in controls, this response was maintained following CLP in immune educated mice. Our data suggest that preexisting Tfh assists in rescuing the B cell response to CLP.","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2020,"id":104157,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":24,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9423,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":380556,"name":"Mariana R. Brewer","orcid":"0000-0002-2614-3208","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":507472,"name":"Ana Nedeljkovic-Kurepa","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":486335,"name":"Yihe Yang","orcid":"0000-0003-2162-7542","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":507473,"name":"Kalpana S. Reddy","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":507474,"name":"Mabel N. Abraham","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":105698,"name":"Betsy Barnes","orcid":"0000-0001-6766-4352","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":45560,"name":"Clifford S. Deutschman","orcid":"0000-0001-9490-4024","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":380555,"name":"Matthew Taylor","orcid":"0000-0003-2643-3050","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":24,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:43:22.755723Z","pmid":"32903485","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}