{"doi":"10.3389/fimmu.2020.00199","title":"CD1b Tetramers Broadly Detect T Cells That Correlate With Mycobacterial Exposure but Not Tuberculosis Disease State","abstract":"The non-polymorphic nature of CD1 proteins creates a situation in which T cells with invariant T cell receptors (TCRs), like CD1d-specific NKT cells, are present in all humans. CD1b is an abundant protein on human dendritic cells that presents M. tuberculosis (Mtb) lipid antigens to T cells. Analysis of T cell clones suggested that semi-invariant TCRs exist in the CD1b system, but their prevalence in humans is not known. Here we used CD1b tetramers loaded with mycolic acid or glucose monomycolate to study polyclonal T cells from 150 Peruvian subjects. We found that CD1b tetramers loaded with mycolic acid or glucose monomycolate antigens stained TRAV1-2+ GEM T cells or TRBV4-1+ LDN5-like T cells in the majority of subjects tested, at rates ~10-fold lower than NKT cells. Thus, GEM T cells and LDN5-like T cells are a normal part of the human immune system. Unlike prior studies measuring MHC- or CD1b-mediated activation, this large-scale tetramer study found no significant differences in rates of CD1b tetramer-mycobacterial lipid staining of T cells among subjects with Mtb exposure, latent Mtb infection or active tuberculosis (TB) disease. In all subjects, including 'uninfected' subjects, CD1b tetramer+ T cells expressed memory markers at high levels. However, among controls with lower mycobacterial antigen exposure in Boston, we found significantly lower frequencies of T cells staining with CD1b tetramers loaded with mycobacterial lipids. These data link CD1b-specific T cell detection to mycobacterial exposure, but not TB disease status, which potentially explains differences in outcomes among CD1-based clinical studies, which used control subjects with low Mtb exposure.","journal":"Frontiers in Immunology","year":2020,"id":97586,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":32,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9617,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":483813,"name":"Sarah K. Iwany","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":252291,"name":"Sara Suliman","orcid":"0000-0002-5154-576X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":308665,"name":"Josephine F. Reijneveld","orcid":"0000-0001-8695-964X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312630,"name":"Tonatiuh A. Ocampo","orcid":"0000-0001-5443-9519","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":482703,"name":"Judith Jiménez","orcid":"0000-0001-7633-8401","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":376970,"name":"Róger Calderón","orcid":"0000-0001-8932-0489","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":376976,"name":"Leonid Lecca","orcid":"0000-0003-1363-3985","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":231936,"name":"Megan Murray","orcid":"0000-0003-0443-1986","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":312635,"name":"D. Branch Moody","orcid":"0000-0003-2306-3058","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":252300,"name":"Ildiko Van Rhijn","orcid":"0000-0002-1446-5701","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":483812,"name":"Kattya Lopez","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T22:36:02.818637Z","pmid":"32117314","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}