{"doi":"10.3389/fendo.2021.706957","title":"Designer GPCRs as Novel Tools to Identify Metabolically Important Signaling Pathways","abstract":"G-protein coupled-receptors (GPCRs) form a very large family of cell surface receptors that respond to an extraordinary variety of extracellular ligands and sensory stimuli (1). The human genome codes for ~800 distinct GPCR genes, representing ~3-4% of all human genes (2). Approximately 1/3 of all FDA-approved drugs act on one or more GPCRs, indicative of the enormous clinical relevance of this class of receptors (3). Upon binding of extracellular ligands, GPCRs activate distinct classes of heterotrimeric G proteins, which are composed of four major subfamilies, G s , G i , G q , and G 12 (heterotrimeric G proteins are named after the a-subunits present in the heterotrimeric complex) (4). The receptor-activated a-subunits then modulate the activity of distinct intracellular signaling pathways (4) (also see Figure","journal":"Frontiers in Endocrinology","year":2021,"id":194054,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":10,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9568,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":275781,"name":"Jürgen Wess","orcid":"0000-0003-0818-1232","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":23,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:49:55.282992Z","pmid":"34354673","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}