{"doi":"10.3389/fdgth.2022.864003","title":"Quit Stage and Intervention Type Differences in the Momentary Within-Person Association Between Negative Affect and Smoking Urges","abstract":"Background Smoking urges and negative affect play important roles in daily cigarette smoking and smoking lapse during a cessation attempt. Traditionally, laboratory research has considered negative affect as a potential cause of smoking urges. A deeper understanding of momentary associations between negative affect and smoking urges during a smoking cessation attempt can inform treatment development efforts. This study examined whether the within-person association between negative affect and smoking urges differed before and after a quit attempt, and by intervention type. Methods Data are from a pilot randomized controlled trial comparing 3 smoking cessation interventions. Participants were randomly assigned to: (1) a novel, smartphone-based just-in-time adaptive intervention that tailored treatment content in real-time (Smart-T2; n = 24), (2) the National Cancer Institute QuitGuide app ( n = 25), or (3) a clinic-based tobacco cessation program (TTRP; n = 23) that followed Clinical Practice Guidelines. All participants received up to 12 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy and completed up to 5 assessments per day ( M PreQuit = 25.8 assessments, SD = 6.0; M PostQuit = 107.7 assessments, SD = 37.1) of their negative affect and smoking urges during the 7 days ( M = 6.6 days, SD = 1.0) prior to their quit-date and the 29 days ( M = 25.8 days, SD = 6.4) after their quit-date. Prior to analysis, repeated measures of smoking urges were decomposed into between-person and within-person components. Results After accounting for baseline nicotine dependence, Bayesian multilevel models indicated that the extent of within-person association between negative affect and smoking urges was stronger in the post-quit stage of the intervention than the pre-quit stage. Results also indicated that in the post-quit stage of the intervention, the within-person association between negative affect and smoking urges was weaker for those in the Smart-T2 and TTRP groups compared with those in the QuitGuide group. The extent of this within-person association did not differ between those in the Smart-T2 and TTRP groups. Conclusions These findings offer preliminary evidence that the momentary within-person association between negative affect and smoking urges increases following a quit attempt, and that the TTRP and Smart-T2 interventions may weaken this association. Research is needed to replicate and expand upon current findings in a fully powered randomized controlled trial. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02930200; https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02930200 .","journal":"Frontiers in Digital Health","year":2022,"id":283324,"datarank":0.40505046955559115,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"self_citation_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citation_network_contribution":0.11316394719729411,"self_endowment_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citer_contribution":0.11316394719729411,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":4,"citers_with_citation_signal":4,"citers_with_endowment":4,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9555,"is_data_producer":true,"deposit_databanks":{"ClinicalTrials.gov":["NCT02930200"]},"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":870280,"name":"K. Chaelin","orcid":"0000-0002-7379-7247","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":331377,"name":"Emily T. Hébert","orcid":"0000-0001-5922-164X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":870279,"name":"Darla E. Kendzor","orcid":"0000-0002-7273-1916","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":681406,"name":"Jason A. Oliver","orcid":"0000-0003-4615-9108","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":959731,"name":"Summer G Frank-Pearce","orcid":"0000-0003-0779-4926","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":736024,"name":"Jordan M. Neil","orcid":"0000-0001-5769-4961","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":628453,"name":"Michael S. Businelle","orcid":"0000-0002-9038-2238","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":722988,"name":"Lizbeth Benson","orcid":"0000-0001-9895-5283","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:29:23.777809Z","pmid":"35425934","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}