{"doi":"10.33073/pjm-2022-047","title":"Production and Quantification of Virulence Factors in\n                    <i>Malassezia</i>\n                    Species","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Seventy-seven strains of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    were included in this study. Biofilm and hydrolytic enzyme production were studied by using specific solid media. The Real-Time reverse transcriptase qPCR method was applied to determine the overexpression of genes encoding the extracellular enzymes. All included\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species produced biofilms. No statistically significant difference was observed between\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species in biofilm formation (\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    = 0.567). All\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species produced lipase, and 95% of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia globosa</jats:italic>\n                    showed a strong enzymatic activity (Pz = 0.55 ± 0.02). A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean keratinase indices of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia slooffiae</jats:italic>\n                    and the other\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species (\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    = 0.005). The overexpression of one or more genes was observed in 100% of strains isolated from patients with folliculitis, 87.5% – with pityriasis versicolor, and 57.14% of the control group isolates. A statistically significant difference in the lipase gene expression (\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    = 0.042) was between the strains from patients with folliculitis and the control group. This investigation provides more information about the frequency of the production of the major enzymes considered virulence factors of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species. Interestingly, the overexpression of one or more genes was observed in strains isolated from patients with\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    disorders.\n                  </jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_pjm-2022-047_eq_001.png\"/>\n                  </jats:p>","journal":"Polish Journal of Microbiology","year":2022,"id":606393,"datarank":0.29188652235829704,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"self_citation_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.29188652235829704,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1556738,"name":"Nahed Khemekhem","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1556739,"name":"Sourour Neji","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1556740,"name":"Houaida Trablesi","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1556741,"name":"Amin Ilahi","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1556742,"name":"Hayet Sellami","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1556743,"name":"Fattouma Makni","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1556744,"name":"Ali Ayadi","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1556737,"name":"Inès Hadrich","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Production and Quantification of Virulence Factors in\n                    <i>Malassezia</i>\n                    Species","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Seventy-seven strains of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    were included in this study. Biofilm and hydrolytic enzyme production were studied by using specific solid media. The Real-Time reverse transcriptase qPCR method was applied to determine the overexpression of genes encoding the extracellular enzymes. All included\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species produced biofilms. No statistically significant difference was observed between\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species in biofilm formation (\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    = 0.567). All\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species produced lipase, and 95% of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia globosa</jats:italic>\n                    showed a strong enzymatic activity (Pz = 0.55 ± 0.02). A statistically significant difference was observed between the mean keratinase indices of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia slooffiae</jats:italic>\n                    and the other\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species (\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    = 0.005). The overexpression of one or more genes was observed in 100% of strains isolated from patients with folliculitis, 87.5% – with pityriasis versicolor, and 57.14% of the control group isolates. A statistically significant difference in the lipase gene expression (\n                    <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>\n                    = 0.042) was between the strains from patients with folliculitis and the control group. This investigation provides more information about the frequency of the production of the major enzymes considered virulence factors of\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    species. Interestingly, the overexpression of one or more genes was observed in strains isolated from patients with\n                    <jats:italic>Malassezia</jats:italic>\n                    disorders.\n                  </jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic/j_pjm-2022-047_eq_001.png\"/>\n                  </jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.9459101490553132,"endowment":1.9459101490553132,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"36473111","pmcid":"PMC9944974","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4311658457","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.4404,"citation_percentile":0.62652183,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2025,"count":3},{"year":2026,"count":3}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by-nc-nd","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.33073/pjm-2022-047","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.33073/pjm-2022-047","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://reference-global.com/pdf/10.33073/pjm-2022-047","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2022-047","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36473111","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/9048098d4dad4dffb42d29f93be66095","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9944974","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC9944974","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC9944974?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Nail Diseases and Treatments","Bee Products Chemical Analysis","Fungal Infections and Studies"],"mesh_terms":["Folliculitis","Humans","Lipase","Malassezia","Tinea Versicolor","Virulence Factors"],"keywords":["Malassezia","Microbiology","Virulence","Biofilm","Biology","Pityriasis","Lipase","Gene","Enzyme","Bacteria","Genetics","Immunology","Biochemistry","virulence factors","Real-time Qrt-pcr","Extracellular Hydrolases"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Life in Land"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-30T04:27:53.891849Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}