{"doi":"10.3233/jad-210314","title":"Central Obesity, Cardiometabolic Risk, and Cognitive Change in the Study of Latinos – Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging","abstract":"BACKGROUND: The relationships between obesity and cognitive decline in aging are mixed and understudied among Hispanics/Latinos. OBJECTIVE: To understand associations between central obesity, cognitive aging, and the role of concomitant cardiometabolic abnormalities among Hispanics/Latinos. METHODS: Participants included 6,377 diverse Hispanics/Latinos enrolled in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and SOL-Investigation for Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA). Participants were 45 years and older at the first cognitive testing session (Visit 1). Cognitive outcomes (z-score units) included global composite and domain specific (learning, memory, executive functioning, processing speed) measures at a second visit (SOL-INCA, on average, 7 years later), and 7-year change. We used survey linear regression to examine associations between central obesity (waist circumference≥88 cm and≥102 cm for women and men, respectively) and cognition. We also tested whether the relationships between obesity and cognition differed by cardiometabolic status (indication of/treatment for 2 + of the following: high triglycerides, hypertension, hyperglycemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). RESULTS: Central obesity was largely unassociated with cognitive outcomes, adjusting for covariates. However, among individuals with central obesity, cardiometabolic abnormality was linked to poorer cognitive function at SOL-INCA (ΔGlobalCognition =-0.165, p < 0.001) and to more pronounced cognitive declines over the average 7 years (ΔGlobalCognition = -0.109, p < 0.05); this was consistent across cognitive domains. CONCLUSION: Central obesity alone was not associated with cognitive function. However, presence of both central obesity and cardiometabolic abnormalities was robustly predictive of cognition and 7-year cognitive declines, suggesting that in combination these factors may alter the cognitive trajectories of middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos.","journal":"Journal of Alzheimer s Disease","year":2021,"id":194808,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7747,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":303806,"name":"Wassim Tarraf","orcid":"0000-0001-8888-7918","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":673794,"name":"Kevin A. González","orcid":"0000-0002-8958-3884","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":91398,"name":"Carmen R. Isasi","orcid":"0000-0003-2700-9593","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":21964,"name":"Robert C. Kaplan","orcid":"0000-0003-1571-4615","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":421766,"name":"Linda C. Gallo","orcid":"0000-0002-3678-5888","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303811,"name":"Donglin Zeng","orcid":"0000-0003-0843-9280","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":336207,"name":"Jianwen Cai","orcid":"0000-0002-4945-6733","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":546833,"name":"Amber Pirzada","orcid":"0000-0003-0526-3611","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":37779,"name":"Martha L. Daviglus","orcid":"0000-0002-6791-8727","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":680003,"name":"Zachary T. Goodman","orcid":"0000-0002-0126-4425","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":400581,"name":"Neil Schneiderman","orcid":"0000-0002-7982-068X","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303812,"name":"Hector M. González","orcid":"0000-0003-4867-7902","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303809,"name":"Ariana M. Stickel","orcid":"0000-0002-6312-2377","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":68,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:49:59.476757Z","pmid":"34151803","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}