{"doi":"10.3233/jad-210305","title":"Classification, Prediction, and Concordance of Cognitive and Functional Progression in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment in the United States: A Latent Class Analysis","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Progression trajectories of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are currently not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To classify patients with incident MCI into different latent classes of progression and identify predictors of progression class. METHODS: Participants with incident MCI were identified from the US National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Uniform Data Set (09/2005-02/2019). Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR®) Dementia Staging Instrument-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB), Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score longitudinal trajectories from MCI diagnosis were fitted using growth mixture models. Predictors of progression class were identified using multivariate multinomial logistic regression models; odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. RESULTS: In total, 21%, 22%, and 57% of participants (N = 830) experienced fast, slow, and no progression on CDR-SB, respectively; for FAQ, these figures were 14%, 23%, and 64%, respectively. CDR-SB and FAQ class membership was concordant for most participants (77%). Older age (≥86 versus≤70 years, OR [95% CI] = 5.26 [1.78-15.54]), one copy of APOE ɛ4 (1.94 [1.08-3.47]), higher baseline CDR-SB (2.46 [1.56-3.88]), lower baseline MMSE (0.85 [0.75-0.97]), and higher baseline FAQ (1.13 [1.02-1.26]) scores were significant predictors of fast progression versus no progression based on CDR-SB (all p < 0.05). Predictors of FAQ class membership were largely similar. CONCLUSION: Approximately a third of participants experienced progression based on CDR-SB or FAQ during the 4-year follow-up period. CDR-SB and FAQ class assignment were concordant for the vast majority of participants. Identified predictors may help the selection of patients at higher risk of progression in future trials.","journal":"Journal of Alzheimer s Disease","year":2021,"id":184002,"datarank":0.5662503342923437,"base_score":2.5649493574615367,"endowment":2.5649493574615367,"self_citation_contribution":0.38474240361923057,"citation_network_contribution":0.1815079306731131,"self_endowment_contribution":0.38474240361923057,"citer_contribution":0.1815079306731131,"corpus_percentile":65.40573992418967,"corpus_rank":4473,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":10,"citers_with_citation_signal":6,"citers_with_endowment":6,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5428,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":738463,"name":"Keith A. Betts","orcid":"0000-0002-3088-7453","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":739148,"name":"Mihaela Georgieva","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":738464,"name":"Raluca Ionescu‐Ittu","orcid":"0000-0001-6691-6685","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":354896,"name":"Lesley M. Butler","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":738465,"name":"Xavier M Teitsma","orcid":"0000-0001-8896-6341","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":618064,"name":"Paul Delmar","orcid":"0000-0002-2095-6283","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":739149,"name":"Thomas Kulalert","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":738466,"name":"Jingjing Zhu","orcid":"0000-0003-2172-6137","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":739150,"name":"Neema Lema","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":738467,"name":"Urvi Desai","orcid":"0000-0001-5196-7201","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":738462,"name":"Julie Mouchet","orcid":"0000-0002-6700-8520","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":65,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:48:26.340498Z","pmid":"34219723","pmcid":"PMC8461667","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}