{"doi":"10.32098/mltj.04.2020.05","title":"Brown/Beige Fat Activation after Skeletal Muscle Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury","abstract":"Objective. Skeletal muscle Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is a commonly seen orthopedic injury. However, the role of The Brown/Beige Adipose Tissue (BAT) in muscle regeneration after IRI remains unknown. In this study, we assessed the role of BAT in muscle regeneration using UCP-1 reporter and Knockout (KO) mice. We hypothesize that UCP-1 expression increases in BAT after muscle injury and UCP-1 KO mice have reduced muscle regeneration after IRI. Methods. Unilateral hindlimb IRI was performed on mice by applying a rubber band on the thigh for three hours. Amibegron and antagonist, which activates/deactivates BAT, were also given to mice after IRI. DigiGait analysis was performed at 2 or 4 weeks after IR injury. White (epidydimal) fat, brown (interscapular) fat, beige (inguinal) fat and gastrocnemius muscles on both injury and contralateral uninjured sides were harvested. Muscle regeneration index, RT-PCR were performed on brown, beige and white fat to evaluate promyogenic growth factor gene expression. Results. After hindlimb IRI, UCP-1 expression increased in brown, beige and white fat, which was accompanied by increase of gene expression promyogenic growth factors of IGF1 and follistatin. IRI also induced UCP-1 expression in both injured and contralateral uninjured muscle. DigiGait analysis demonstrated significantly decreased (p < 0.05) hindlimb function at 2 weeks post-injury in UCP-1 KO mice compared to wildtype mice. Muscle histology showed significantly reduced muscle regeneration in UCP-1 KO mice compared to WT mice. Amibegron activates BAT and improves muscle regeneration, while SR-59230A deactivates BAT and reduced muscle regeneration after IRI. Conclusions. BAT plays an important role in muscle regeneration of IRI. Pro-myogenic batokines from BAT may be the mediator for muscle regeneration after IRI. beta3 adrenergic receptor agonists may be novel treatment for muscle IRI in the future.","journal":"Muscles Ligaments and Tendons Journal","year":2020,"id":106904,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":7,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9615,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":514939,"name":"Z. Wang","orcid":"0009-0005-6159-9269","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":198571,"name":"C.S. Lee","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514940,"name":"Christopher Nguyen","orcid":"0000-0002-6620-8467","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":9397,"name":"L. Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-5590-335X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":515611,"name":"H.T. Kim","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":388568,"name":"Brian T. Feeley","orcid":"0000-0001-9060-6695","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514941,"name":"Xinke Liu","orcid":"0000-0003-3918-0814","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":514938,"name":"Min Liu","orcid":"0000-0001-8115-5407","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":23,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:12:31.053776Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}