{"doi":"10.31234/osf.io/vp83n","title":"Twins and their singleton siblings differ in language, cognition, and social-emotional development","abstract":"This study compared the language, cognition, and social-emotional development between twins and their younger singleton siblings at the ages 2, 3, 4, and 7 years. Data came from 851 sibling trios from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS), a family cohort born in 1994-1996 in England and Wales (50.2% female; 93.2% White British). Twins performed worse than singletons in language, cognition, and social-emotional development across ages, with small to moderate effect sizes (d=0.17-0.62). An exception was language at age 7 years, when twins exceeded their singleton siblings (d=-0.35). These findings suggest that (a) twins and their singleton siblings differ in development across domains and (b) their differences in language reverse during childhood.","journal":"NECTAR - Northampton Electronic Collection of Thesis and Research (University of Northampton)","year":2024,"id":492695,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9102,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":231353,"name":"Anna Brown","orcid":"0000-0001-6119-7925","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":325774,"name":"Sophie von Stumm","orcid":"0000-0002-0447-5471","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1338911,"name":"Emily Wood","orcid":"0009-0001-1610-3587","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:08:56.210382Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}