{"doi":"10.31234/osf.io/92bjc","title":"Early communication intervention for deaf/hard of hearing toddlers: A randomized clinical trial","abstract":"Objective: To maximize outcomes for deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) children, it is essential to develop effective early interventions. Parent-implemented communication interventions (PICTs) are a promising form of early interventions for DHH toddlers. The current study evaluates (1) the effect of PICT on parent strategy use and child communication and (2) the extent to which communication mode moderates these effects. Methods: This single-site parallel stratified clinical trial (2x2; hearing device, communication mode) enrolled 96 parent-child dyads. Child inclusion criteria were: (a) between 12-18 months, (b) diagnosed with bilateral hearing loss, (c) no additional diagnoses, (d) had at least one parent with typical hearing, and (e) exposed to some degree of spoken language by their parents. Communication mode was measured as exposure to sign or no exposure to sign. Dyads were randomized to the PICT or control group. PICT occurred weekly via telehealth over 6 months. Outcomes were measured before, during, and immediately after intervention. Results: Parent strategy use (d = 1.570) and child communication (d = 0.587) were greater for participants in the PICT group. The intervention effect on child communication was significantly greater for children exposed to signs than children not exposed to signs (B = 18.929, SE = 8.094, p = 0.019). Conclusion: PICT effectively facilitates parent strategy use and child communication. Incorporating signs may increase the benefits of PICT and, as such, future research should explore the systematic inclusion of signs within the context of early interventions for DHH toddlers.","journal":null,"year":2024,"id":494710,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9558,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1341368,"name":"Katherine Zanzinger","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1138918,"name":"Jeffrey Grauzer","orcid":"0000-0001-6202-9851","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1341128,"name":"Laura Sudec","orcid":"0000-0002-0378-6550","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272281,"name":"Aaron J. Kaat","orcid":"0000-0001-8147-1899","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":819083,"name":"Megan Y. Roberts","orcid":"0000-0002-4699-0236","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1341127,"name":"Maranda Jones","orcid":"0000-0001-8357-9350","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":30,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:09:11.736910Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}