{"doi":"10.3122/jabfm.2020.06.200041","title":"The Effect of Depression and Rurality on Diabetes Control","abstract":"<h3>Background:</h3> Having depression and living in a rural environment have separately been associated with poor diabetes outcomes, but there little is known about the interaction between the 2 risk factors. This study investigates the association of depression and rurality with glycemic control in adults, as well as their interaction. <h3>Methods:</h3> This is a repeated cross-sectional study with data collected from 2010 to 2017 (n = 1,697,173 patient-year observations), comprising a near-complete census of patients with diabetes in Minnesota. The outcome of interest was glycemic control defined as hemoglobin A1c under 8%. We used a logit model with clinic-level random effects to predict glycemic control as a function of depression, patient rurality, and their interaction, adjusted for differences in observed characteristics of the patient, clinic, and patient’s neighborhood. <h3>Results:</h3> Having depression was associated with lower probability of achieving glycemic control (<i>P &lt; </i>.001). Although rurality alone had no association with glycemic control, significant interactions existed between depression and rurality. Living in a small rural town mitigated the negative association between depression and glycemic control (<i>P &lt; </i>.001). <h3>Conclusion:</h3> Although patients with depression had poorer glycemic control, living in a small rural town reduced the negative association between depression and glycemic control.","journal":"The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine","year":2020,"id":107692,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8175,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":517395,"name":"Victoria G. Skolnick","orcid":"0000-0002-7960-3255","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":434500,"name":"Caroline Carlin","orcid":"0000-0003-0813-3433","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":397833,"name":"Leif I. Solberg","orcid":"0000-0001-5509-1139","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":518274,"name":"Abagail M. Raiter","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":408567,"name":"Kevin Peterson","orcid":"0000-0002-6914-8586","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":517394,"name":"Helen Fu","orcid":"0000-0003-4371-1147","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":16,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:12:39.385256Z","pmid":"33219070","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}