{"doi":"10.2967/jnumed.118.220004","title":"Molecular Imaging with Reporter Genes: Has Its Promise Been Delivered?","abstract":null,"journal":"Journal of Nuclear Medicine","year":2019,"id":639569,"datarank":2.0026828655220745,"base_score":4.1588830833596715,"endowment":4.1588830833596715,"self_citation_contribution":0.6238324625039509,"citation_network_contribution":1.378850403018124,"self_endowment_contribution":0.6238324625039509,"citer_contribution":1.378850403018124,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":63,"citer_count":60,"citers_with_citation_signal":54,"citers_with_endowment":54,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":447114,"name":"Ronald G. Blasberg","orcid":"0000-0003-4580-2042","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":617702,"name":"Inna Serganova","orcid":"0000-0003-3561-8663","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Molecular Imaging with Reporter Genes: Has Its Promise Been Delivered?","abstract":"The first reporter systems were developed in the early 1980s and were based on measuring the activity of an enzyme—as a surrogate measure of promoter-driven transcriptional activity—which is now known as a reporter gene system. The initial objective and application of reporter techniques was to analyze the activity of a specific promoter (namely, the expression of a gene that is under the regulation of the specific promoter that is linked to the reporter gene). This system allows visualization of specific promoter activity with great sensitivity. In general, there are 2 classes of reporter systems: constitutively expressed (always-on) reporter constructs used for cell tracking, and inducible reporter systems sensitive to endogenous signaling molecules and transcription factors that characterize specific tissues, tumors, or signaling pathways. This review traces the development of different reporter systems, using <i>fluorescent</i> and <i>bioluminescent</i> proteins as well as <i>radionuclide-based</i> reporter systems. The development and application of <i>radionuclide-based</i> reporter systems is the focus of this review. The question at the end of the review is whether the “promise” of reporter gene imaging has been realized. What is required for moving forward with <i>radionuclide-based</i> reporter systems, and what is required for successful translation to clinical applications?","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.1588830833596715,"endowment":4.1588830833596715,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"31792128","pmcid":"PMC12079160","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2991398123","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NCI NIH HHS","grant_id":"P30 CA008748","title":null},{"funder_name":"NCI NIH HHS","grant_id":"R50 CA221810","title":null}],"total_grants":2,"fwci":1.9739,"citation_percentile":0.87401605,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2020,"count":2},{"year":2021,"count":13},{"year":2022,"count":11},{"year":2023,"count":15},{"year":2024,"count":8},{"year":2025,"count":11},{"year":2026,"count":3}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/jnumed/60/12/1665.full.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/jnumed/60/12/1665.full.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.2967/jnumed.118.220004","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.118.220004","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31792128","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/12079160","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["bioluminescence and chemiluminescence research","Virus-based gene therapy research","Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","Animals","Genes, Reporter","Humans","Molecular Imaging","Radionuclide Imaging"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Humans","Radionuclide Imaging","Genes, Reporter","Molecular Imaging"],"keywords":["Reporter gene","Bioreporter","Gene","Computational biology","Biology","Transcription factor","Cell biology","Gene expression","Genetics"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[{"name":"doi"}],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-07T00:52:10.828384Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}