{"doi":"10.26153/tsw/63590","title":"Increased Spatial Resolution with a Single Nozzle in Fused Filament Fabrication Through Controlled Distributions and Volume Fractions of Soluble and Insoluble Materials Including Formation of Functionally Graded Lattices","abstract":"Extrusion height and width are characteristic limits of spatial resolution in fused filament fabrication which are inextricably linked to nozzle diameter. Unlike structure size which is constrained by nozzle diameter and print stability, void dimensions may be controlled through the relative spacing of neighboring extrusions. To print features using a single nozzle with increased resolution as compared to conventional print methods, soluble support material was co-extruded with insoluble material in a multi-inlet active-mixing hotend including proportional mixing rod rotation. The ratio of materials and their rotational distributions within each extrusions were controlled in situ. Specimens were printed with connecting extrusions and support material was removed during post-processing to produce features smaller than the extrusion size. The versatility of this technique is demonstrated through microstructural control and the fabrication of functionally graded lattice systems using multiple inlets and variable volume fractions of materials and relative mixing rod rotation.","journal":"Open MIND","year":2025,"id":588048,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9475,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1504381,"name":"J. W. McKee","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1504382,"name":"J. T. Green","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1504169,"name":"I. A. Rybak","orcid":"0000-0003-4029-1255","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:59:43.096742Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}