{"doi":"10.2337/dc22-1575","title":"Incident Early- and Later-Onset Type 2 Diabetes and Risk of Early- and Later-Onset Cancer: Prospective Cohort Study","abstract":"OBJECTIVE: We evaluated prospectively the association between incident early-onset (diagnosed before 40 years of age) and later-onset type 2 diabetes and early-onset (diagnosed before 50 years of age) and later-onset cancer risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We prospectively followed 228,073 eligible participants in the Nurses' Health Studies for up to 38 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI were estimated using Cox models. RESULTS: We documented 18,290 type 2 diabetes, 6,520 early-onset cancer, and 36,907 later-onset cancer cases during follow-up. In fully adjusted analyses, early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of early-onset total cancer (HR [95% CI] 1.47 [1.06-2.04]), diabetes-related cancer (2.11 [1.38-3.23]), and obesity-related cancer (1.75 [1.08-2.82]), and the risk elevations were restricted to those with a BMI at 18 years of age of ≥21 kg/m2 (total cancer: 1.75 [1.20-2.56]; diabetes-related cancer: 2.43 [1.50-3.94]; and obesity-related cancer: 1.84 [1.05-3.22]). Early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with higher risk of later-onset diabetes-related and obesity-related cancer specifically among individuals with higher BMI at 18 years of age. Later-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with a higher risk of later-onset total cancer (1.15 [1.11-1.20]), diabetes-related cancer (1.17 [1.12-1.22]), and obesity-related cancer (1.18 [1.13-1.24]). In analyses based on refined timing, the HRs attenuated substantially with aging. CONCLUSIONS: Incident early-onset type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of early-onset total cancer and diabetes- and obesity-related cancer, especially in those with higher BMI at 18 years of age. The impact of early-onset type 2 diabetes on cancer risk may be inherently stronger than that of later-onset type 2 diabetes.","journal":"Diabetes Care","year":2022,"id":242438,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":38,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.699,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":104568,"name":"Mingyang Song","orcid":"0000-0002-1324-0316","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":261915,"name":"Yin Cao","orcid":"0000-0001-9835-7662","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104571,"name":"A. Heather Eliassen","orcid":"0000-0002-3961-6609","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":56410,"name":"Brian M. Wolpin","orcid":"0000-0002-0455-1032","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55362,"name":"Meir J. Stampfer","orcid":"0000-0001-8865-935X","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104570,"name":"Walter C. Willett","orcid":"0000-0003-1458-7597","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":241018,"name":"Kana Wu","orcid":"0000-0001-7300-1694","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":3730,"name":"Kimmie Ng","orcid":"0000-0003-0631-1494","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":55333,"name":"Frank B. Hu","orcid":"0000-0002-8233-6274","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":86230,"name":"Edward L. Giovannucci","orcid":"0000-0002-6123-0219","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":382879,"name":"Yin Zhang","orcid":"0000-0001-6367-6583","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":46,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:23:05.485568Z","pmid":"36399782","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}