{"doi":"10.2307/2234208","title":"Competing Technologies, Increasing Returns, and Lock-In by Historical Events","abstract":"Journal Article Competing Technologies, Increasing Returns, and Lock-In by Historical Events Get access W. Brian Arthur W. Brian Arthur Stanford University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar The Economic Journal, Volume 99, Issue 394, 1 March 1989, Pages 116–131, https://doi.org/10.2307/2234208 Published: 01 March 1989","journal":"The Economic Journal","year":1989,"id":5741,"datarank":26.098839778799036,"base_score":8.886823846515187,"endowment":8.886823846515187,"self_citation_contribution":1.3330235769772782,"citation_network_contribution":24.765816201821757,"self_endowment_contribution":1.3330235769772782,"citer_contribution":24.765816201821757,"corpus_percentile":96.0,"corpus_rank":2308,"citation_count":7235,"citer_count":197,"citers_with_citation_signal":197,"citers_with_endowment":197,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"1989-03-01","authors":[{"id":55620,"name":"W. Brian Arthur","orcid":"0000-0001-7429-5954","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":22,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-03-01T18:20:47.508186Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}