{"doi":"10.22427/ntp-rr-16","title":"NTP Research Report on the Scoping Review of Paraquat Dichloride Exposure and Parkinson’s Disease","abstract":"Paraquat dichloride (commonly referred to as paraquat) is a restricted-use, broadspectrum herbicide that is commonly used in the United States to control weeds in agricultural and horticultural crops. Because paraquat is not registered for home use, the highest exposures would likely be to those manufacturing and applying paraquat or to those living on or near farms or other areas where paraquat is manufactured or applied. Observational human studies of people who apply pesticides and data from experimental animal studies indicate that long-term, chronic exposure to paraquat might lead to central nervous system toxicity. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) identified paraquat as a potential candidate for systematic review while performing scoping activities to classify environmental exposures associated with Parkinson's disease. Subsequently, NTP became aware that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) was also evaluating paraquat as part of registration review activities and collaborated with EPA to avoid duplication of effort.","journal":null,"year":2020,"id":122298,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9506,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":462960,"name":"Robyn Blain","orcid":"0000-0002-1859-5554","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":558263,"name":"Courtney R. Skuce","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":234968,"name":"Kristina A. Thayer","orcid":"0000-0002-3616-618X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":234963,"name":"Andrew A. Rooney","orcid":"0000-0002-1756-5185","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":557542,"name":"Windy A. Boyd","orcid":"0000-0003-3803-3716","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":75,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:14:51.076430Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}