{"doi":"10.2196/38113","title":"Design and Preliminary Findings of Adherence to the Self-Testing for Our Protection From COVID-19 (STOP COVID-19) Risk-Based Testing Protocol: Prospective Digital Study","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Serial testing for SARS-CoV-2 is recommended to reduce spread of the virus; however, little is known about adherence to recommended testing schedules and reporting practices to health departments. OBJECTIVE: The Self-Testing for Our Protection from COVID-19 (STOP COVID-19) study aims to examine adherence to a risk-based COVID-19 testing strategy using rapid antigen tests and reporting of test results to health departments. METHODS: STOP COVID-19 is a 12-week digital study, facilitated using a smartphone app for testing assistance and reporting. We are recruiting 20,000 participants throughout the United States. Participants are stratified into high- and low-risk groups based on history of COVID-19 infection and vaccination status. High-risk participants are instructed to perform twice-weekly testing for COVID-19 using rapid antigen tests, while low-risk participants test only in the case of symptoms or exposure to COVID-19. All participants complete COVID-19 surveillance surveys, and rapid antigen results are recorded within the smartphone app. Primary outcomes include participant adherence to a risk-based serial testing protocol and percentage of rapid tests reported to health departments. RESULTS: As of February 2022, 3496 participants have enrolled, including 1083 high-risk participants. Out of 13,730 tests completed, participants have reported 13,480 (98.18%, 95% CI 97.9%-98.4%) results to state public health departments with full personal identifying information or anonymously. Among 622 high-risk participants who finished the study period, 35.9% showed high adherence to the study testing protocol. Participants with high adherence reported a higher percentage of test results to the state health department with full identifying information than those in the moderate- or low-adherence groups (high: 71.7%, 95% CI 70.3%-73.1%; moderate: 68.3%, 95% CI 66.0%-70.5%; low: 63.1%, 59.5%-66.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary results from the STOP COVID-19 study provide important insights into rapid antigen test reporting and usage, and can thus inform the use of rapid testing interventions for COVID-19 surveillance.","journal":"JMIR Formative Research","year":2022,"id":275352,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":9,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9522,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":227521,"name":"Vik Kheterpal","orcid":"0000-0002-4752-4229","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":915507,"name":"Thejas Suvarna","orcid":"0000-0002-4811-0298","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":626407,"name":"John Broach","orcid":"0000-0002-6581-2232","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":915513,"name":"Juan Luis Marquez","orcid":"0000-0002-9854-5628","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":409588,"name":"Ben S. Gerber","orcid":"0000-0003-4367-6396","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":915508,"name":"Summer Schrader","orcid":"0000-0002-5678-8613","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":942388,"name":"Christopher Nowak","orcid":"0000-0003-1796-9558","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301093,"name":"Emma Harman","orcid":"0000-0002-8006-560X","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":579271,"name":"William Heetderks","orcid":"0000-0001-7714-107X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":727668,"name":"Nisha Fahey","orcid":"0000-0001-9059-1470","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":545672,"name":"Elizabeth Orvek","orcid":"0000-0001-6974-6263","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":626408,"name":"Péter Lázár","orcid":"0000-0002-0744-1461","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":944468,"name":"Julia Ferranto","orcid":"0000-0001-9993-5655","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":944469,"name":"Kamran Noorishirazi","orcid":"0000-0002-4059-2771","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":944470,"name":"Shivakumar Valpady","orcid":"0000-0002-8862-2925","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":724588,"name":"Qiming Shi","orcid":"0000-0001-5829-4345","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":24806,"name":"Honghuang Lin","orcid":"0000-0003-3043-3942","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":944471,"name":"Kathryn Marvel","orcid":"0000-0002-7791-683X","position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":512074,"name":"Laura Gibson","orcid":"0000-0003-0224-305X","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":417373,"name":"Bruce Barton","orcid":"0000-0001-7878-8895","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":246154,"name":"Stephenie C. 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