{"doi":"10.2174/1874303x02114010026","title":"Parameters of Chronic Kidney Disease to Identify Outpatients at Increased Risk for COVID-19 Mortality: A Cohort Study of UK Biobank Participants","abstract":"Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) has resulted in a pandemic affecting more than a hundred countries worldwide [1]. Limited worldwide supply of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV) requires policymakers to prioritize high-risk populations for inoculation. Several clinical risk factors have been suggested to increase infection risk However, it is less well-known how pre-morbid, outpatient clinical variables influence COVID-19 risk of death. We retrospectively analyzed outpatient risk factors for death in the UK Biobank (UKBB), a large-scale prospective cohort comprising over 500,000 subjects aged 40-69 years recruited in 2006-2019 [3]. In this study, subjects with recorded mortality before 31 st January 2020 (N = 28,930) were excluded since it was the date for the first recorded COVID-19 case in the UK. We performed a comprehensive study on primary care data and their associations with COVID-19 mortality in UKBB, controlling for possible confounding factors. To our knowledge, this is the broadest analysis of outpatient clinical factors and associations with COVID-19 to date. COVID-19 outcome data were downloaded from the UKBB data portal on 23 rd February 2021. Clinical Events were obtained from the Primary Care data for COVID-19 research in UKBB. In UKBB, we set a time window of 5 years before death with COVID-19 to identify active medical diagnoses that may be risk factors with COVID-19 death. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated by the UKBB using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration","journal":"The Open Urology & Nephrology Journal","year":2021,"id":228476,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9676,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":462872,"name":"W. Conrad Liles","orcid":"0000-0002-1075-8275","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":833266,"name":"Nicholas Becker","orcid":"0000-0002-5552-8051","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":321512,"name":"Catherine Egan","orcid":"0000-0001-5593-1169","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":402205,"name":"Juan Lavista Ferres","orcid":"0000-0002-9654-3178","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":86323,"name":"Aaron Lee","orcid":"0000-0002-7452-1648","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":249666,"name":"Pavan K. Bhatraju","orcid":"0000-0002-2606-4366","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":806871,"name":"Anusua Trivedi","orcid":"0000-0002-1315-2113","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":4,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:54:50.414605Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}