{"doi":"10.20944/preprints202107.0238.v1","title":"An Idea about Negative Cosmic Time in the Big Bang-Big Rip Cosmological Model","abstract":"<jats:p>In this article, we assume that the beginning of the universe was before the Big Bang. In the beginning, all matter in the universe was combined in an infinitesimal spherical shape. This sphere was compressed to an incomprehensible value for a period, and then exploded and expanded time and space. We are referring to the negative time before the Big Bang. The evolution of the universe before the Big Bang, passing through the moment of the explosion to the end of the universe at the Big Rip, has been studied. In this article, we try to answer the questions; did the universe exist before the Big Bang? What is the origin of the universe and how did it arise? What are the stages of the evolution of the universe until the moment of the Big Rip? What is the length of time for the stages of this development?</jats:p>","journal":null,"year":null,"id":685487,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1790912,"name":"Ali Eid","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1790915,"name":"A. Alkaoud","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1790908,"name":"Mohamed Abdalla Bakry","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"An Idea about Negative Cosmic Time in the Big Bang-Big Rip Cosmological Model","abstract":"<jats:p>In this article, we assume that the beginning of the universe was before the Big Bang. In the beginning, all matter in the universe was combined in an infinitesimal spherical shape. This sphere was compressed to an incomprehensible value for a period, and then exploded and expanded time and space. We are referring to the negative time before the Big Bang. The evolution of the universe before the Big Bang, passing through the moment of the explosion to the end of the universe at the Big Rip, has been studied. In this article, we try to answer the questions; did the universe exist before the Big Bang? What is the origin of the universe and how did it arise? What are the stages of the evolution of the universe until the moment of the Big Rip? What is the length of time for the stages of this development?</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"26207759","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W3182731948","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2023,"count":1}],"oa_status":"green","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202107.0238/v1/download","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202107.0238/v1/download","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202107.0238.v1","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Cosmology and Gravitation Theories","Relativity and Gravitational Theory","Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Big Bang (financial markets)","Universe","Ultimate fate of the universe","Big Bounce","Big Rip","Physics","Metric expansion of space","Flatness problem","Moment (physics)","Theoretical physics","Particle horizon","Big Crunch","COSMIC cancer database","Physical cosmology","De Sitter universe","Astronomy","Cosmology","Steady State theory","Classical mechanics","Dark energy"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-18T16:46:59.189550Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}