{"doi":"10.18063/ijb.v9i2.669","title":"Manufacturing flexible vascular models for cardiovascular surgery planning and endovascular procedure simulations: An approach to segmentation and post-processing with open-source software and end-user 3D printers","abstract":"<jats:p>Three-dimensional (3D)-printed vascular models for cardiovascular surgery planning and endovascular procedure simulations often lack realistic biological tissues mimicking material properties, including flexibility or transparency, or both. Transparent silicone or silicone-like vascular models were not available for end-user 3D printers and had to be fabricated using complex and cost-intensive workarounds. This limitation has now been overcome by novel liquid resins with biological tissue properties. These new materials enable simple and low-cost fabrication of transparent and flexible vascular models using end-user stereolithography 3D printers and are promising technological advances toward more realistic patient-specific, radiation-free procedure simulations and planning in cardiovascular surgery and interventional radiology. This paper presents our patient-specific manufacturing process of fabricating transparent and flexible vascular models using freely available open-source software for segmentation and 3D post-processing, aiming to facilitate the integration of 3D printing into clinical care.</jats:p>","journal":"International Journal of Bioprinting","year":2023,"id":636438,"datarank":0.32958368660043297,"base_score":2.1972245773362196,"endowment":2.1972245773362196,"self_citation_contribution":0.32958368660043297,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.32958368660043297,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":8,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1651835,"name":"Michael Deutschmann","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1651836,"name":"Matthias Meissnitze","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1651837,"name":"Bernhard Scharinger","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1651838,"name":"Klaus Hergan","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1651839,"name":"Andreas Vötsch","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1651840,"name":"Christian Dinges","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1163378,"name":"Stefan Hecht","orcid":"0000-0002-6124-0222","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1651834,"name":"Reinhard Kaufmann","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Manufacturing flexible vascular models for cardiovascular surgery planning and endovascular procedure simulations: An approach to segmentation and post-processing with open-source software and end-user 3D printers","abstract":"<jats:p>Three-dimensional (3D)-printed vascular models for cardiovascular surgery planning and endovascular procedure simulations often lack realistic biological tissues mimicking material properties, including flexibility or transparency, or both. Transparent silicone or silicone-like vascular models were not available for end-user 3D printers and had to be fabricated using complex and cost-intensive workarounds. This limitation has now been overcome by novel liquid resins with biological tissue properties. These new materials enable simple and low-cost fabrication of transparent and flexible vascular models using end-user stereolithography 3D printers and are promising technological advances toward more realistic patient-specific, radiation-free procedure simulations and planning in cardiovascular surgery and interventional radiology. This paper presents our patient-specific manufacturing process of fabricating transparent and flexible vascular models using freely available open-source software for segmentation and 3D post-processing, aiming to facilitate the integration of 3D printing into clinical care.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":2.1972245773362196,"endowment":2.1972245773362196,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"37065673","pmcid":"PMC10090811","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W4317425731","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.6413,"citation_percentile":0.58938517,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2023,"count":2},{"year":2024,"count":5},{"year":2025,"count":1}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i2.669","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.18063/ijb.v9i2.669","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://api-journal.accscience.com/uploads/file/asp/20230416003612e5cce2235.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://ijb.whioce.com/index.php/int-j-bioprinting/article/viewFile/669/460","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37065673","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/10090811","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10090811/pdf/IJB-9-2-669.pdf","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC10090811","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC10090811?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"}],"fields_of_study":["Anatomy and Medical Technology","3D Printing in Biomedical Research","Surgical Simulation and Training"],"mesh_terms":[],"keywords":["Stereolithography","3D printing","Workaround","Computer science","Flexibility (engineering)","Software","Process (computing)","Engineering","Mechanical engineering","Resin","Biological tissue","Flexible","Endovascular Simulation"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-06T17:03:16.029404Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}