{"doi":"10.17615/rn0q-vb12","title":"Effect of Postnatal HIV Treatment on Clinical Mastitis and Breast Inflammation in HIV-Infected Breast-feeding Women","abstract":"Background: The relationship between mastitis and antiretroviral therapy among HIV-positive, breast-feeding women is unclear. Methods: In the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals, and Nutrition (BAN) study, conducted in Lilongwe, Malawi, 2369 mother-infant pairs were randomized to a nutritional supplement group and to one of three treatment groups: maternal antiretroviral therapy (ART), infant nevirapine (NVP) or standard of care for 24 weeks of exclusive breast-feeding and 4 weeks of weaning. Among 1472 HIV-infected women who delivered live infants between 2004 and 2007, we estimated cumulative incidence functions and sub-distribution hazard ratios (HR) of mastitis or breast inflammation comparing women in maternal ART (n = 487) or infant nevirapine (n = 492) groups to the standard of care (n = 493). Nutritional supplement groups (743 took, 729 did not) were also compared. Results: Through 28-weeks post-partum, 102 of 1472 women experienced at least one occurrence of mastitis or breast inflammation. The 28-week risk was higher for maternal ART (risk difference (RD) 4.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9, 8.1) and infant NVP (RD 3.6, 95% CI 0.3, 6.9) compared to standard of care. The hazard of late-appearing mastitis or breast inflammation (from week 5–28) was also higher for maternal ART (HR 6.7, 95% CI 2.0, 22.6) and infant NVP (HR 5.1, 95% CI 1.5, 17. 5) compared to the standard of care. Conclusions: Mastitis or breast inflammation while breast-feeding is a possible side effect for women taking prophylactic ART and women whose infants take NVP, warranting additional research in the context of postnatal HIV transmission.","journal":"UNC Libraries","year":2024,"id":483460,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9622,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":597033,"name":"C. van der Horst","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":538955,"name":"F. Martinson","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":605140,"name":"Wezi Msungama","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":546828,"name":"Charles Chasela","orcid":"0000-0001-8362-5986","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":518445,"name":"B.W. Pence","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325005,"name":"The BAN Study Team","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":474119,"name":"M.G. Hudgens","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383020,"name":"Irving Hoffman","orcid":"0000-0003-0059-5991","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":91694,"name":"Athena P. Kourtis","orcid":"0000-0003-1585-1310","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":406121,"name":"Gerald Tegha","orcid":"0000-0002-7744-5564","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":474120,"name":"D. Westreich","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1325006,"name":"C.C. King","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":518446,"name":"W.C. Miller","orcid":null,"position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420091,"name":"Chifundo Zimba","orcid":"0000-0003-4518-589X","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":621144,"name":"Sabrina Zadrozny","orcid":"0000-0002-8811-8868","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":273917,"name":"Denise J. Jamieson","orcid":"0000-0003-2597-1201","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:07:33.718973Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}