{"doi":"10.17615/ehx7-7q52","title":"Current Smoking Raises Risk of Incident Hypertension: Hispanic Community Health Study-Study of Latinos","abstract":"Background: Hypertension has been implicated as a smoking-related risk factor for cardiovascular disease but the dose-response relationship is incompletely described. Hispanics, who often have relatively light smoking exposures, have been understudied in this regard. Methods: We used data from a 6-year follow-up study of US Hispanic adults aged 18-76 to address the dose-response linking cigarette use with incident hypertension, which was defined by measured blood pressure above 140/90 mm Hg or initiation of antihypertensive medications. Adjustment was performed for potential confounders and mediators, including urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio which worsened over time among smokers. Results: Current smoking was associated with incident hypertension, with a threshold effect above 5 cumulative pack-years of smoking (vs. never smokers, hazard ratio for hypertension [95% confidence interval] of 0.95 [0.67, 1.35] for 0-5 pack-years, 1.47 [1.05, 2.06] for 5-10 pack-years, 1.40 [1.00, 1.96] for 10-20 pack-years, and 1.34 [1.09, 1.66] for ≥20 pack-years, P = 0.037). In contrast to current smokers, former smokers did not appear to have increased risk of hypertension, even at the highest cumulative pack-years of past exposure. Conclusions: The results confirm that smoking constitutes a hypertension risk factor in Hispanic adults. A relatively modest cumulative dose of smoking, above 5 pack-years of exposure, raises risk of hypertension by over 30%. The increased hypertension risk was confined to current smokers, and did not increase further with higher pack-year levels. The lack of a smoking-hypertension association in former smokers underscores the value of smoking cessation.","journal":"UNC Libraries","year":2024,"id":498999,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9554,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":601616,"name":"M. Daviglus","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":107675,"name":"Eliseo J. Pérez‐Stable","orcid":"0000-0002-1577-2738","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1346696,"name":"J.P. Lash","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1346697,"name":"C.A. Peralta","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1346698,"name":"J.S. Williams-Nguyen","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":74999,"name":"Carlos J. Rodríguez","orcid":"0000-0003-0860-9008","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":336207,"name":"Jianwen Cai","orcid":"0000-0002-4945-6733","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1346026,"name":"Dah-Jye Lee","orcid":"0000-0003-1752-8146","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":336203,"name":"Marc D. Gellman","orcid":"0000-0003-4989-8627","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1346699,"name":"G.M. Strizich","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":14722,"name":"Nancy L. Saccone","orcid":"0000-0002-4710-3926","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":131635,"name":"Pedro L. Baldoni","orcid":"0000-0002-9510-8326","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":24742,"name":"Nora Franceschini","orcid":"0009-0001-8346-3662","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":591150,"name":"G.A. Talavera","orcid":null,"position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":303807,"name":"Krista M. Perreira","orcid":"0000-0003-2906-0261","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":835348,"name":"R.C. Kaplan","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:09:45.971055Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}