{"doi":"10.17615/933e-7036","title":"Blood-borne macrophage-neural cell interactions hitchhike on endosome networks for cell-based nanozyme brain delivery","abstract":"Background: Macrophage-carried nanoformulated catalase ('nanozyme) attenuates neuroinflammation and protects nigrostriatal neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine intoxication. This is facilitated by effective enzyme transfer from blood-borne macrophages to adjacent endothelial cells and neurons leading to the decomposition of reactive oxygen species. Materials & methods: We examined the intra- and inter-cellular trafficking mechanisms of nanozymes by confocal microscopy. Improved neuronal survival mediated by nanozyme-loaded macrophages was demonstrated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Results: In macrophages, nanozymes were internalized mainly by clathrin-mediated endocytosis then trafficked to recycling endosomes. The enzyme is subsequently released in exosomes facilitated by bridging conduits. Nanozyme transfer from macrophages to adjacent cells by endocytosis-independent mechanisms diffusing broadly throughout the recipient cells. In contrast, macrophage-free nanozymes were localized in lysosomes following endocytic entry. Conclusion: Facilitated transfer of nanozyme from cell to cell can improve neuroprotection against oxidative stress commonly seen during neurodegenerative disease processes.","journal":"UNC Libraries","year":2021,"id":230452,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9689,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":731806,"name":"A.V. Kabanov","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":800310,"name":"R.L. Mosley","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":836938,"name":"Poovathingal Suresh","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":836939,"name":"M. Sokolsky-Papkov","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":800307,"name":"H.E. Gendelman","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":800308,"name":"N.L. Klyachko","orcid":null,"position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":548093,"name":"E.V. Batrakova","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":800312,"name":"M.J. Haney","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":836940,"name":"G.D. Kanmogne","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":836941,"name":"I. Kadiu","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":549929,"name":"Y. Zhao","orcid":"0000-0002-8548-3739","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:55:05.844766Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}