{"doi":"10.17615/87fm-yk85","title":"Durable Immune Response and Long-term Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccination in Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease","abstract":"Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may have diminished serologic response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination and increased risk for subsequent severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. We sought to describe outcomes among those who developed SARS-CoV-2 infection following vaccination, characterize SARS-CoV-2 antibodies 1 year post-vaccination, and identify factors associated with durable serologic response.We recruited children with IBD who received ≥2 doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and prospectively collected data on (1) demographics, IBD characteristics, and therapy and (2) SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, testing, and infection symptoms. Serum was obtained for measurement of anti-receptor-binding domain IgG antibodies following a 2-part immunization at 12 and 52 weeks.We enrolled 298 participants (mean age 11.9 ± 3.82, 50% female, 67% Crohn’s disease). Symptomatic COVID-19 infection after vaccination occurred in half of the participants, although only 2 (1%) required hospitalization. Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was associated with higher likelihood of symptomatic COVID-19 infection, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.7 (95% CI, 1.5-5.0; P = .001). Nearly all participants (99%) had detectable antibody at Week 52. Children aged 1-5 years had lower 52-week antibody level compared to older children (P = .04), as did those on anti-TNF-α therapy (P = .007) and those who received only 2 vaccine doses prior to Week 52 (P < .001). SARS-CoV-2 vaccination provides lasting serologic response and protection against severe COVID-19 for most children with IBD, despite the use of lower vaccine doses in younger children and wide-ranging classes of immunosuppressive therapies.We demonstrate high rates of durable antibody response and low rates of coronavirus disease 2019-related hospitalization 1 year following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccination in children with inflammatory bowel disease. Anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha therapy, young age, and fewer vaccine doses were associated with lower 52-week antibody level.","journal":"UNC Libraries","year":2025,"id":578290,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9568,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":638553,"name":"Arthur Kastl","orcid":"0000-0002-2625-9390","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":643518,"name":"Michael Zikry","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":510214,"name":"Wenli Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-6486-0582","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109043,"name":"Michael D. Kappelman","orcid":"0000-0002-0469-6856","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235302,"name":"Millie D. Long","orcid":"0000-0001-5983-2758","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":638552,"name":"Runa Watkins","orcid":"0000-0003-3152-6446","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":593659,"name":"Ann M. Firestine","orcid":"0000-0001-9734-9687","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":723326,"name":"Monique Bastidas","orcid":"0000-0003-1562-9576","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":638550,"name":"Kimberly N. Weaver","orcid":"0000-0002-7407-370X","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1189548,"name":"Riley Craig","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":638551,"name":"Xiangfeng Dai","orcid":"0000-0002-5985-1745","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":109030,"name":"Erica J. Brenner","orcid":"0000-0003-0292-3637","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235305,"name":"Marla C. 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Ungaro","orcid":"0000-0001-8687-3758","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":49757,"name":"Meenakshi Bewtra","orcid":"0000-0002-6489-7043","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":639566,"name":"Emanuelle Bellaguarda","orcid":null,"position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":234242,"name":"Athos Bousvaros","orcid":null,"position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236447,"name":"Xian Zhang","orcid":"0000-0003-3572-6971","position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1012231,"name":"Peter D R Higgins","orcid":null,"position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":250787,"name":"Raymond K. 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