{"doi":"10.17615/3m0b-qh80","title":"Induction of MHC Class I Expression on Immature Thymocytes in HIV-1-Infected SCID-hu Thy/Liv Mice: Evidence of Indirect Mechanisms","abstract":"The SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse and human fetal thymic organ culture (HF-TOC) models have been used to explore the pathophysiologic mechanisms of HIV-1 infection in the thymus. We report here that HIV-1 infection of the SCID-hu Thy/Liv mouse leads to the induction of MHC class I (MHCI) expression on CD4+CD8+ (DP) thymocytes, which normally express low levels of MHCI. Induction of MHCI on DP thymocytes in HIV-1-infected Thy/Liv organs precedes their depletion and correlates with the pathogenic activity of the HIV-1 isolates. Both MHCI protein and mRNA are induced in thymocytes from HIV-1-infected Thy/Liv organs, indicating induction of MHCI gene expression. Indirect mechanisms are involved, because only a fraction (<10%) of the DP thymocytes were directly infected by HIV-1, although the majority of DP thymocytes are induced to express high levels of MHCI. We further demonstrate that IL-10 is induced in HIV-1-infected thymus organs. Similar HIV-1-mediated induction of MHCI expression was observed in HF-TOC assays. Exogenous IL-10 in HF-TOC induces MHCI expression on DP thymocytes. Therefore, HIV-1 infection of the thymus organ leads to induction of MHCI expression on immature thymocytes via indirect mechanisms involving IL-10. Overexpression of MHCI on DP thymocytes can interfere with thymocyte maturation and may contribute to HIV-1-induced thymocyte depletion.","journal":"UNC Libraries","year":2020,"id":144801,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9588,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":579521,"name":"Robert Lee","orcid":"0009-0000-4634-0797","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":613999,"name":"Mark Bonyhadi","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":255662,"name":"Lishan Su","orcid":"0000-0002-0350-5560","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":592228,"name":"Liping Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-3458-4513","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":392250,"name":"Kovalev Gi","orcid":"0000-0003-4346-3585","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":611021,"name":"Karen Duus","orcid":"0000-0002-1305-7458","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":104013,"name":"David D. Ho","orcid":"0000-0003-1627-149X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":614000,"name":"Hideto Kaneshima","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":39798,"name":"Joseph M. McCune","orcid":"0000-0002-9388-070X","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:17:48.191325Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}