{"doi":"10.1677/joe-09-0136","title":"Expression of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A2 during pregnancy in human and mouse","abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and -A2 (PAPPA and PAPPA2) are proteases that cleave IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and thereby increase the bioavailability of growth factors. PAPPA has long been recognized as a marker of fetal genetic disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes. In contrast, although\n                    <jats:italic>PAPPA2</jats:italic>\n                    is also highly expressed in human placenta, its physiological importance is not clear. To establish whether mice will be a useful model for the study of\n                    <jats:italic>PAPPA2</jats:italic>\n                    , we compared the patterns of expression of\n                    <jats:italic>PAPPA2</jats:italic>\n                    in the placentae of mouse and human. We show, for the first time, that\n                    <jats:italic>Pappa2</jats:italic>\n                    is highly expressed in mouse placenta, as is the case in humans. Specifically, it is expressed at the interface of the maternal and fetal layers of the mouse placenta at all gestational stages studied (10.5–16.5 days post coitum). Similarly,\n                    <jats:italic>PAPPA2</jats:italic>\n                    is expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast layer of human placental villi and is also detected in some invasive extravillous trophoblasts in the first trimester. These results are consistent with a model whereby PAPPA2 cleaves IGFBPs produced in the maternal decidua to promote feto-placental growth, and indicate that this protein may play analogous roles in human and mouse placenta. PAPPA2 protein is detectable in the circulation of pregnant mice and humans during the first trimester and at term, raising the possibility that PAPPA2 may be a useful biomarker of placental dysfunction.\n                    <jats:italic>Pappa2</jats:italic>\n                    expression also shows specific localization within the mouse embryo and therefore may play roles in fetal development, independent of its action in the placenta.\n                  </jats:p>","journal":"Journal of Endocrinology","year":2009,"id":633516,"datarank":0.62147020895873,"base_score":4.143134726391533,"endowment":4.143134726391533,"self_citation_contribution":0.62147020895873,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.62147020895873,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":62,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1642614,"name":"Qing Qiu","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1642615,"name":"Maliha Haider","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":82220,"name":"Michael Bell","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1642616,"name":"Andrée Gruslin","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1642617,"name":"Julian K Christians","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1421112,"name":"Joyce Wang","orcid":"0009-0007-0613-667X","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Expression of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A2 during pregnancy in human and mouse","abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A and -A2 (PAPPA and PAPPA2) are proteases that cleave IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and thereby increase the bioavailability of growth factors. PAPPA has long been recognized as a marker of fetal genetic disorders and adverse pregnancy outcomes. In contrast, although\n                    <jats:italic>PAPPA2</jats:italic>\n                    is also highly expressed in human placenta, its physiological importance is not clear. To establish whether mice will be a useful model for the study of\n                    <jats:italic>PAPPA2</jats:italic>\n                    , we compared the patterns of expression of\n                    <jats:italic>PAPPA2</jats:italic>\n                    in the placentae of mouse and human. We show, for the first time, that\n                    <jats:italic>Pappa2</jats:italic>\n                    is highly expressed in mouse placenta, as is the case in humans. Specifically, it is expressed at the interface of the maternal and fetal layers of the mouse placenta at all gestational stages studied (10.5–16.5 days post coitum). Similarly,\n                    <jats:italic>PAPPA2</jats:italic>\n                    is expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast layer of human placental villi and is also detected in some invasive extravillous trophoblasts in the first trimester. These results are consistent with a model whereby PAPPA2 cleaves IGFBPs produced in the maternal decidua to promote feto-placental growth, and indicate that this protein may play analogous roles in human and mouse placenta. PAPPA2 protein is detectable in the circulation of pregnant mice and humans during the first trimester and at term, raising the possibility that PAPPA2 may be a useful biomarker of placental dysfunction.\n                    <jats:italic>Pappa2</jats:italic>\n                    expression also shows specific localization within the mouse embryo and therefore may play roles in fetal development, independent of its action in the placenta.\n                  </jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.143134726391533,"endowment":4.143134726391533,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"19474058","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2156574185","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":2.7085,"citation_percentile":0.89545298,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2013,"count":6},{"year":2014,"count":6},{"year":2015,"count":8},{"year":2016,"count":2},{"year":2017,"count":1},{"year":2018,"count":5},{"year":2019,"count":2},{"year":2020,"count":6},{"year":2021,"count":3},{"year":2022,"count":4},{"year":2023,"count":3},{"year":2024,"count":2},{"year":2025,"count":3},{"year":2026,"count":1}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":null,"oa_locations":[{"url":"https://joe.bioscientifica.com/downloadpdf/journals/joe/202/3/337.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://joe.bioscientifica.com/downloadpdf/journals/joe/202/3/337.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://joe.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/joe/202/3/337.xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://joe.bioscientifica.com/downloadpdf/journals/joe/202/3/337.xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1677/joe-09-0136","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19474058","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies","Birth, Development, and Health","Gestational Diabetes Research and Management","Animals","Blotting, Western","Female","Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental","Humans","Immunohistochemistry","In Situ Hybridization","Metalloendopeptidases","Mice","Mice, Inbred Strains","Models, Animal","Placenta","Polymerase Chain Reaction","Pregnancy","Pregnancy Trimester, First","Pregnancy Trimester, Third","Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A","RNA, Messenger"],"mesh_terms":["Animals","Female","Humans","Immunohistochemistry","Metalloendopeptidases","Mice, Inbred Strains","Placenta","Pregnancy","Pregnancy Trimester, First","Pregnancy Trimester, Third","Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A","RNA, Messenger","Blotting, Western","Polymerase Chain Reaction","In Situ Hybridization","Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental","Models, Animal","Mice"],"keywords":["Syncytiotrophoblast","Placenta","Decidua","Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A","Pregnancy","Fetus","Biology","Endocrinology","Placentation","Trophoblast","Internal medicine","Andrology","Medicine","First trimester","Genetics"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-06T12:12:36.895297Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}