{"doi":"10.1590/0004-282x20140093","title":"Cerebrospinal fluid can be used for HIV genotyping when it fails in blood","abstract":"<jats:p>Blood plasma specimens are the clinical standard for HIV-1 pol gene genotyping from viral populations; however, it is not always successful, often from low viral loads or the presence of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors. Objective To describe the successful of HIV-1 genotyping in two samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), after genotype procedures failed from blood. Method Two HIV-infected patients enrolled in a neurocognitive research study were evaluated when standard HIV-1 genotyping failed from blood plasma samples. Genotyping was performed using the commercial system TRUGENE® HIV-1 Genotyping Kit and the OpenGene® DNA Sequencing System (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Tarrytown, NY, USA). Results CSF genotyping was performed via the same commercial platform and was successful in both cases. Conclusion This report demonstrates that CSF could be used as an alternate clinical specimen for HIV-1 genotyping when it fails from blood.</jats:p>","journal":"Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria","year":2014,"id":589821,"datarank":0.2686120359516123,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"self_citation_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citation_network_contribution":0.027196349086497262,"self_endowment_contribution":0.24141568686511508,"citer_contribution":0.027196349086497262,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":4,"citer_count":1,"citers_with_citation_signal":1,"citers_with_endowment":1,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1509109,"name":"Sonia Mara Raboni","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1509110,"name":"Cléa Elisa Lopes Ribeiro","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1509111,"name":"Maristela Riedel","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1509112,"name":"Maria da Graça Winhescki","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":36878,"name":"Davey M. Smith","orcid":"0000-0003-3603-1733","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":371984,"name":"Ronald J. Ellis","orcid":"0000-0003-4931-752X","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":757514,"name":"Sérgio Monteiro de Almeida","orcid":"0000-0001-5690-105X","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":757515,"name":"Indianara Rotta","orcid":"0000-0001-9045-3000","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid can be used for HIV genotyping when it fails in blood","abstract":"<jats:p>Blood plasma specimens are the clinical standard for HIV-1 pol gene genotyping from viral populations; however, it is not always successful, often from low viral loads or the presence of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors. Objective To describe the successful of HIV-1 genotyping in two samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), after genotype procedures failed from blood. Method Two HIV-infected patients enrolled in a neurocognitive research study were evaluated when standard HIV-1 genotyping failed from blood plasma samples. Genotyping was performed using the commercial system TRUGENE® HIV-1 Genotyping Kit and the OpenGene® DNA Sequencing System (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Tarrytown, NY, USA). Results CSF genotyping was performed via the same commercial platform and was successful in both cases. Conclusion This report demonstrates that CSF could be used as an alternate clinical specimen for HIV-1 genotyping when it fails from blood.</jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":1.6094379124341003,"endowment":1.6094379124341003,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"25054982","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2044259093","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIAID NIH HHS","grant_id":"P30 AI036214","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIMH NIH HHS","grant_id":"P30 MH062512","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIMH NIH HHS","grant_id":"R21 MH076651","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIMH NIH HHS","grant_id":"R21 MH76651","title":null}],"total_grants":4,"fwci":0.5604,"citation_percentile":0.62384281,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2015,"count":2},{"year":2016,"count":1},{"year":2017,"count":1}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.scielo.br/j/anp/a/ftZHBMtqphGcZrjHGzJs4dw/?lang=en&format=pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.scielo.br/j/anp/a/ftZHBMtqphGcZrjHGzJs4dw/?lang=en&format=pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"http://www.scielo.br/pdf/anp/v72n7/0004-282X-anp-72-07-0506.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20140093","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25054982","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://old.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0004-282X2014000700506","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://americanae.aecid.es/americanae/es/registros/registro.do?tipoRegistro=MTD&idBib=2652974","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/1d2669ebe9a54e0186a9aa9dc478ce32","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/52z3c4w3","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4139176","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/52z3c4w3","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["HIV Research and Treatment","HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment","HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","Adult","Base Sequence","Genotyping Techniques","HIV Infections","HIV-1","Humans","Male","Middle Aged","Polymerase Chain Reaction","RNA, Viral","Reproducibility of Results","Viral Load"],"mesh_terms":["Adult","Base Sequence","Humans","Male","Middle Aged","RNA, Viral","Reproducibility of Results","HIV-1","HIV Infections","Polymerase Chain Reaction","Viral Load","Genotyping Techniques"],"keywords":["Genotyping","Cerebrospinal fluid","Genotype","Polymerase chain reaction","Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","Medicine","Virology","Dried blood spot","Viral load","Gene","Internal medicine","Biology","Genetics"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Good health and well-being"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-24T09:43:30.687288Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}