{"doi":"10.1542/peds.2022-059189","title":"Number Needed to Screen for Tuberculosis Disease Among Children: A Systematic Review","abstract":"CONTEXT: Improving detection of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality among children. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a systematic review to estimate the number of children needed to screen (NNS) to detect a single case of active TB using different active case finding (ACF) screening approaches and across different settings. DATA SOURCES: We searched 4 databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library) for articles published from November 2010 to February 2020. STUDY SELECTION: We included studies of TB ACF in children using symptom-based screening, clinical indicators, chest x-ray, and Xpert. DATA EXTRACTION: We indirectly estimated the weighted mean NNS for a given modality, location, and population using the inverse of the weighted prevalence. We assessed risk of bias using a modified AXIS tool. RESULTS: We screened 27 221 titles and abstracts, of which we included 31 studies of ACF in children < 15 years old. Symptom-based screening was the most common screening modality (weighted mean NNS: 257 [range, 5-undefined], 19 studies). The weighted mean NNS was lower in both inpatient (216 [18-241]) and outpatient (67 [5-undefined]) settings (107 [5-undefined]) compared with community (1117 [28-5146]) and school settings (464 [118-665]). Risk of bias was low. LIMITATIONS: Heterogeneity in the screening modalities and populations make it difficult to draw conclusions. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a potential opportunity to increase TB detection by screening children presenting in health care settings. Pediatric TB case finding interventions should incorporate evidence-based interventions and local contextual information in an effort to detect as many children with TB as possible.","journal":"PEDIATRICS","year":2023,"id":366853,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.7622,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":670590,"name":"Lelia H. Chaisson","orcid":"0000-0001-6103-9089","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":670591,"name":"Fahd Naufal","orcid":"0000-0001-6106-3177","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1123996,"name":"Pamela Delgado-Barroso","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1123541,"name":"Héctor S. Álvarez-Manzo","orcid":"0000-0002-6118-1066","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":378803,"name":"Jonathan E. Golub","orcid":"0000-0003-2398-3145","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294662,"name":"Adrienne E. Shapiro","orcid":"0000-0002-3106-1258","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":447776,"name":"Nicole Salazar‐Austin","orcid":"0000-0002-9875-9319","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":315465,"name":"Katherine Robsky","orcid":"0000-0001-7789-5779","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":58,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:14:59.372548Z","pmid":"36987808","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}