{"doi":"10.1530/rep-14-0279","title":"Role of compensatory meiosis mechanisms in human spermatogenesis","abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Disturbances of checkpoints in distinct stages of spermatogenesis (mitosis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis) contribute to impaired spermatogenesis; however, the efficiency of meiotic entry has not been investigated in more detail. In this study, we analyzed azoospermic patients with defined spermatogenic defects by the use of octamer-binding protein 2 for type A spermatogonia, sarcoma antigen 1 for mitosis–meiosis transition and SMAD3 for pachytene spermatocytes. Especially patients with maturation arrest (MA) at the level of primary spermatocytes showed significantly reduced numbers of spermatogonia compared with patients with histologically intact spermatogenesis or patients with hypospermatogenesis (Hyp). For a detailed individual classification of the patients, we distinguished between ‘high efficiency of meiotic entry’ (high numbers of pachytene spermatocytes) and ‘low efficiency of meiotic entry’ (low numbers of pachytene spermatocytes). Only patients with histologically normal spermatogenesis (Nsp) and patients with Hyp showed normal numbers of spermatogonia and a high efficiency of meiotic entry. Of note, only patients with histologically Nsp or patients with Hyp could compensate low numbers of spermatogonia with a high efficiency of meiotic entry. In contrast, patients with MA always showed a low efficiency of meiotic entry. This is the first report on patients with impaired spermatogenesis, showing that half of the patients with Hyp but all patients with MA cannot compensate reduced numbers in spermatogonia with a highly efficient meiosis. Thus, we suggest that compensatory meiosis mechanisms in human spermatogenesis exist.</jats:p>","journal":"Reproduction","year":2014,"id":41879,"datarank":0.6913854852211843,"base_score":2.833213344056216,"endowment":2.833213344056216,"self_citation_contribution":0.42498200160843247,"citation_network_contribution":0.2664034836127518,"self_endowment_contribution":0.42498200160843247,"citer_contribution":0.2664034836127518,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":16,"citer_count":10,"citers_with_citation_signal":6,"citers_with_endowment":6,"datacite_reuse_total":12,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":201150,"name":"Martin Wolter","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201151,"name":"Anna Hentrich","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201152,"name":"Martin Bergmann","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201153,"name":"Angelika Stammler","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201154,"name":"Lutz Konrad","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":201149,"name":"Mareike Borgers","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"base_score":2.833213344056216,"endowment":2.833213344056216,"datacite_reuse_total":12,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"24987152","pmcid":null,"openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2326789379","authors":[],"funders":[],"total_grants":0,"fwci":0.792,"citation_percentile":0.80084508,"influential_citations":1,"citation_trend":[{"year":2015,"count":1},{"year":2016,"count":1},{"year":2018,"count":2},{"year":2019,"count":1},{"year":2020,"count":1},{"year":2022,"count":1},{"year":2023,"count":9}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"https://academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://rep.bioscientifica.com/downloadpdf/journals/rep/148/3/315.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://rep.bioscientifica.com/downloadpdf/journals/rep/148/3/315.pdf","host_type":"BRONZE"},{"url":"https://rep.bioscientifica.com/downloadpdf/journals/rep/148/3/315.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://rep.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/rep/148/3/315.xml","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://academic.oup.com/reproduction/article-pdf/148/3/315/64130813/315.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1530/rep-14-0279","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24987152","host_type":"repository"}],"fields_of_study":["Sperm and Testicular Function","Reproductive Biology and Fertility","Birth, Development, and Health","Medicine","Biology","Adolescent","Adult","Aged","Biomarkers","Cell Cycle","Humans","Male","Meiosis","Middle Aged","Octamer Transcription Factor-2","Oligospermia","Smad3 Protein","Spermatogenesis","Spermatogonia","Young Adult"],"mesh_terms":["Adolescent","Adult","Aged","Cell Cycle","Humans","Male","Meiosis","Middle Aged","Oligospermia","Spermatogenesis","Spermatogonia","Biomarkers","Octamer Transcription Factor-2","Smad3 Protein","Young Adult"],"keywords":["Meiosis","Spermatogenesis","Biology","Cell biology","Genetics","Gene","Endocrinology"],"sdg_mappings":[],"linked_datasets":[{"doi":"10.6084/m9.figshare.22621432.v1","title":"Additional file 1 of Single-cell transcriptome analysis and in vitro differentiation of testicular cells reveal novel insights into male sterility of the interspecific hybrid 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