{"doi":"10.1523/jneurosci.2875-19.2020","title":"Discharge and Role of GABA Pontomesencephalic Neurons in Cortical Activity and Sleep-Wake States Examined by Optogenetics and Juxtacellular Recordings in Mice","abstract":"The cholinergic neurons in the pontomesencephalic tegmentum have been shown to discharge in association with and promote cortical activation during active or attentive waking and paradoxical or rapid eye movement sleep. However, GABA neurons lie intermingled with the cholinergic neurons and may contribute to or oppose this activity and role. Here we investigated in vitro and in vivo the properties, activities, and role of GABA neurons within the laterodorsal tegmental and sublaterodorsal tegmental nuclei (LDT/SubLDT) using male and female transgenic mice expressing channelrhodopsin-(ChR2)-EYFP in vesicular GABA transporter (VGAT)-expressing neurons. Presumed GABA (pGABA) neurons were identified by response to photostimulation and verified by immunohistochemical staining following juxtacellular labeling in vivo. pGABA neurons were found to be fast-firing neurons with the capacity to burst when depolarized from a hyperpolarized membrane potential. When stimulated in vivo in urethane-anesthetized or unanesthetized mice, the pGABA neurons fired repetitively at relatively fast rates (;40 Hz) during a continuous light pulse or phasically in bursts (.100 Hz) when driven by rhythmic light pulses at theta (4 or 8 Hz) frequencies. pNon-GABA, which likely included cholinergic, neurons were inhibited during each light pulse to discharge rhythmically in antiphase to the pGABA neurons. The reciprocal rhythmic bursting by the pGABA and pNon-GABA neurons drove rhythmic theta activity in the EEG. Such phasic bursting by GABA neurons also occurred in WT mice in association with theta activity during attentive waking and paradoxical sleep.","journal":"Journal of Neuroscience","year":2020,"id":87029,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":12,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9446,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":443275,"name":"Masaru Ishibashi","orcid":"0000-0002-7413-1359","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444421,"name":"Josefa Jost","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443276,"name":"Hanieh Toossi","orcid":"0000-0003-2913-6115","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":444422,"name":"Lynda Mainville","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443277,"name":"Antoine Adamantidis","orcid":"0000-0003-2531-5175","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443278,"name":"Christopher S. Leonard","orcid":"0000-0003-4414-1748","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443279,"name":"Barbara E. Jones","orcid":"0000-0001-9985-3860","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":443274,"name":"Youssouf Cissé","orcid":"0009-0009-8001-5598","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":51,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:59:31.247492Z","pmid":"32576622","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}