{"doi":"10.1523/jneurosci.0900-18.2018","title":"Unique Mapping of Structural and Functional Connectivity on Cognition","abstract":"<jats:p>The unique mapping of structural brain connectivity (SC) and functional brain connectivity (FC) on cognition is currently not well understood. It is not clear whether cognition is mapped via a global connectome pattern or instead is underpinned by several sets of distributed connectivity patterns. Moreover, we also do not know whether the spatial distributions of SC and FC that underlie cognition are overlapping or distinct. Here, we study the relationship between SC and FC and an array of psychological tasks in 609 subjects (males, 269; females, 340) from the Human Connectome Project. We identified several sets of connections that each uniquely map onto cognitive function. We found a small number of distributed SCs and a larger set of corticocortical and corticosubcortical FCs that express this association. Importantly, the SC and FC each show unique and distinct patterns of variance across subjects as they relate to cognition. The results suggest that a complete understanding of connectome underpinnings of cognition calls for a combination of the two modalities.</jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</jats:bold>\n                    Structural connectivity (SC), the physical white-matter inter-regional pathways in the brain, and functional connectivity (FC), the temporal coactivations between the activity of the brain regions, have each been studied extensively. Little is known, however, about the distribution of variance in connections as they relate to cognition. Here, in a large sample of subjects (\n                    <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>\n                    = 609), we showed that two sets of brain–behavior patterns capture the correlations between SC and FC with a wide range of cognitive tasks, respectively. These brain—behavior patterns reveal distinct sets of connections within the SC and the FC network and provide new evidence that SC and FC each provide unique information for cognition.\n                  </jats:p>","journal":"The Journal of Neuroscience","year":2018,"id":649842,"datarank":0.7242470605953454,"base_score":4.8283137373023015,"endowment":4.8283137373023015,"self_citation_contribution":0.7242470605953454,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.7242470605953454,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":124,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":660567,"name":"John D. Griffiths","orcid":"0000-0002-1764-2179","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":668279,"name":"Anthony R. McIntosh","orcid":"0000-0002-1784-5662","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1694209,"name":"Joelle Zimmermann","orcid":"0000-0001-8553-2361","position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Unique Mapping of Structural and Functional Connectivity on Cognition","abstract":"<jats:p>The unique mapping of structural brain connectivity (SC) and functional brain connectivity (FC) on cognition is currently not well understood. It is not clear whether cognition is mapped via a global connectome pattern or instead is underpinned by several sets of distributed connectivity patterns. Moreover, we also do not know whether the spatial distributions of SC and FC that underlie cognition are overlapping or distinct. Here, we study the relationship between SC and FC and an array of psychological tasks in 609 subjects (males, 269; females, 340) from the Human Connectome Project. We identified several sets of connections that each uniquely map onto cognitive function. We found a small number of distributed SCs and a larger set of corticocortical and corticosubcortical FCs that express this association. Importantly, the SC and FC each show unique and distinct patterns of variance across subjects as they relate to cognition. The results suggest that a complete understanding of connectome underpinnings of cognition calls for a combination of the two modalities.</jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</jats:bold>\n                    Structural connectivity (SC), the physical white-matter inter-regional pathways in the brain, and functional connectivity (FC), the temporal coactivations between the activity of the brain regions, have each been studied extensively. Little is known, however, about the distribution of variance in connections as they relate to cognition. Here, in a large sample of subjects (\n                    <jats:italic>N</jats:italic>\n                    = 609), we showed that two sets of brain–behavior patterns capture the correlations between SC and FC with a wide range of cognitive tasks, respectively. These brain—behavior patterns reveal distinct sets of connections within the SC and the FC network and provide new evidence that SC and FC each provide unique information for cognition.\n                  </jats:p>","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":4.8283137373023015,"endowment":4.8283137373023015,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"30249801","pmcid":"PMC6595988","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2952871955","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NIMH NIH HHS","grant_id":"U54 MH091657","title":null},{"funder_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","grant_id":"unidentified","title":"unidentified"},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"3U54MH091657-03S1","title":"Mapping the Human Connectome: Structure, Function, and Heritability"}],"total_grants":3,"fwci":4.8108,"citation_percentile":0.96090354,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2019,"count":5},{"year":2020,"count":17},{"year":2021,"count":22},{"year":2022,"count":23},{"year":2023,"count":17},{"year":2024,"count":23},{"year":2025,"count":11},{"year":2026,"count":6}],"oa_status":"bronze","license":"CC BY NC SA","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/38/45/9658.full.pdf","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/38/45/9658.full.pdf","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0900-18.2018","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0900-18.2018","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30249801","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6595988","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/296913","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/296913","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.0900-18.2018","host_type":""},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/296913","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Functional Brain Connectivity Studies","Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications","Neural dynamics and brain function","0301 basic medicine","03 medical and health sciences","0302 clinical medicine","Adult","Brain Mapping","Cerebral Cortex","Cognition","Connectome","Female","Humans","Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Male","Nerve Net","Principal Component Analysis","Random Allocation","Young Adult"],"mesh_terms":["Adult","Brain Mapping","Cerebral Cortex","Cognition","Female","Humans","Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Male","Nerve Net","Random Allocation","Principal Component Analysis","Young Adult","Connectome"],"keywords":["Functional connectivity","Cognition","Neuroscience","Cognitive science","Cognitive psychology","Psychology","Behavior","Individual","Structural Connectivity","Adult","Cerebral Cortex","Male","Brain Mapping","Principal Component Analysis","Magnetic Resonance Imaging","Random Allocation","Young Adult","Connectome","Humans","Female","Nerve Net"],"sdg_mappings":[{"sdg_number":0,"sdg_label":"Quality Education"}],"linked_datasets":[],"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"database_accessions":[],"source":"live","citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-08-10T04:24:43.229470Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}