{"doi":"10.1515/jpem-2020-0600","title":"Validation of a continuous measure of cardiometabolic risk among adolescents","abstract":"OBJECTIVES: We validated a continuous cardiometabolic risk (CMR) measure among adolescents. METHODS: Five metabolic syndrome (MetS) components including waist circumference, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and mean arterial pressure were assessed in a national cohort of U.S. adolescents (n=560; 16.5 ± 0.5 y/o at baseline) in 10th grade (2010, Wave 1 (W1)), and follow-up assessments four (W4) and seven (W7) years later. Separately by wave, linear regressions were fitted to each MetS component controlling for age, sex, and race/ethnicity, and yielded standardized residuals (Z-scores). Wave-specific component Z-scores were summed to obtain composite CMR Z-scores. Four- and seven-year CMR change (CMR-diff W1-W4 and W1-W7). and average CMR risk (CMR-avg; (W1 + W4)/2 and (W1 + W7)/2) were calculated using the CMR Z-scores. W7 MetS was determined using adult criteria. Student's t-test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were conducted. RESULTS: Participants meeting the adult criteria for MetS at W7 (74 of 416, 17.8%) had statistically significant (p<0.01) higher values for W1 CMR Z-scores (0.92 vs. -0.21), W4 CMR Z-scores (1.69 vs. -0.28), W7 CMR Z-scores (2.21 vs. -0.55), W1-W4 CMR-avg (1.53 vs. -0.27), W1-W7 CMR-diff (1.29 vs. -0.21), and W1-W7 CMR-avg (1.46 vs. -0.48) than those not meeting MetS criteria. Most results were similar for males and females in the sex-stratified analyses. The areas under the ROC curve were 0.61, 0.71, and 0.75 for W1, W4 and W7 Z-scores. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the validity of the continuous CMR Z-scores calculated using linear regression in evaluating and monitoring CMR profiles from adolescence to early adulthood.","journal":"Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism","year":2021,"id":223730,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.653,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":446851,"name":"Denise L. Haynie","orcid":"0000-0002-8270-6079","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":825545,"name":"Xiang Gao","orcid":"0000-0001-8455-6206","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420884,"name":"Leah M. Lipsky","orcid":"0000-0003-2645-4388","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":420883,"name":"Tonja R. Nansel","orcid":"0000-0002-8298-7595","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":747954,"name":"Ronald J. Iannotti","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":782705,"name":"Federico E. Vaca","orcid":"0000-0003-0813-0080","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":446852,"name":"Bruce G. Simons‐Morton","orcid":"0000-0003-1099-6617","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":424164,"name":"Kaigang Li","orcid":"0000-0003-3629-4808","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":41,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:54:14.760456Z","pmid":"33823099","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}