{"doi":"10.14814/phy2.15987","title":"Exercise increases <scp>TCA</scp> intermediate concentrations during low‐calorie diet independent of insulin resistance among women with obesity","abstract":"Abstract Tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates (TCAi) have been proposed to act as myokines that influence energy metabolism. We determined if 2‐weeks of low‐calorie diet with interval exercise (LCD + INT) would increase TCAi more than a low‐calorie diet (LCD). Twenty‐three women were randomized to 2‐weeks of LCD ( n = 12, 48.4 ± 2.5 years, 37.8 ± 1.5 kg/m 2 , ~1200 kcal/d) or LCD + INT ( n = 11, 47.6 ± 4.3 years, 37.9 ± 2.3 kg/m 2 ; 60 min/d supervised INT of 3 min 90% &amp; 50% HRpeak). TCAi and amino acids (AA) were measured at 0 min of a 75 g OGTT, while glucose, insulin, and FFA were obtained at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 min to assess total area under the curve (tAUC 180min ) and insulin resistance (IR; tAUC 180min of Glucose × Insulin). Fuel use (indirect calorimetry) was also collected at 0, 60, 120, and 180 min as was fitness (VO 2 peak) and body composition (BodPod). Treatments reduced weight ( p &lt; 0.001), fasting RER ( p = 0.01), and IR ( p = 0.03), although LCD + INT increased VO 2 peak ( p = 0.02) and maintained RER tAUC 180min ( p = 0.05) versus LCD. Treatments increased FFA tAUC 180min ( p = 0.005), cis‐aconitate, isocitrate, and succinate ( p ≤ 0.02), as well as reduced phenylalanine and tryptophan, cysteine ( p ≤ 0.005). However, LCD + INT increased malate, citrate, α‐ketoglutarate, and alanine more than LCD ( p ≤ 0.04). Thus, INT enhanced LCD effects on some TCAi in women with obesity independent of IR.","journal":"Physiological Reports","year":2024,"id":457462,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9573,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":325154,"name":"Steven K. Malin","orcid":"0000-0002-7360-6711","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":906127,"name":"Tristan J. Ragland","orcid":"0000-0002-8741-2782","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":44,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:03:37.136946Z","pmid":"38561248","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}