{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0331032","title":"Understanding the evolving treatment landscape of hidradenitis suppurativa: An analysis of All of Us","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic skin condition with significant burden for affected patients. The development of new therapies in the last decade has brought hope for better patient outcomes, but understanding the use of these new drug classes is necessary to ensure patient access to care. METHODS: We analysed data from 2636 HS patients within NIH's All of Us research program from June 2017 and October 1, 2023 to examine the likelihood of patients receiving certain classes of drugs based on socio-demographic factors and comorbid health conditions, as well as how these drug classes impact quality of life. We also examined trends in the number of prescriptions over time. RESULTS: Antibiotics were most frequently prescribed, with higher numbers administered to females. Small molecule inhibitors and biologic medications were prescribed at low levels. We found that socio-demographic factors such as ethnicity, income and insurance provider influence the types of drugs patients are most likely to receive, with African American individuals more likely to receive antibiotics and immunosuppressive drugs and less likely to receive small molecule inhibitors. We also found that comorbid conditions significantly influence the likelihood of patients receiving specific drugs, with higher odds of receiving biologics if a patient has a comorbid rheumatic/autoimmune disorder. Antibiotics and immunosuppressive drugs were associated with less favourable quality of life measures, as well as a higher likelihood of anxiety and depression. CONCLUSIONS: This work uncovers the varied landscape of HS treatment in the US and highlights the factors that influence treatment choices and how these treatments impact quality of life. It also provides an understanding of the social disparities that some populations face when accessing HS care, informing future decisions and practices to reduce these inequities.","journal":"PLoS ONE","year":2025,"id":534542,"datarank":0.16479184330021646,"base_score":1.0986122886681096,"endowment":1.0986122886681096,"self_citation_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.16479184330021646,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":29.844511487584125,"corpus_rank":8690,"citation_count":2,"citer_count":2,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":true,"is_dataset_confidence":0.5973,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":41.6667,"fair_percentile":54.173035768878016,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1412605,"name":"Vasiliki Economopoulos","orcid":"0000-0001-7187-7254","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1150002,"name":"Paradi Mirmirani","orcid":"0000-0001-8627-2995","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1417132,"name":"Renata Ferreira Magalhães","orcid":"0000-0001-9170-932X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1003850,"name":"Aditya K. Gupta","orcid":"0000-0002-8664-7723","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":29,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:51:47.434742Z","pmid":"40845034","pmcid":"PMC12373187","fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":22.2222,"fair_a":62.5,"fair_i":60.0,"fair_r":66.6667,"fair_zscore":0.2857,"fair_rationale":{"fair_score":41.67,"has_llm":true,"taxonomy_version":"fair_taxonomy_v5","dimensions":{"F":{"name":"Findable","score":22.22,"criteria":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not provide any persistent identifier string (DOI, Handle, ARK, or repository accession) for the study's own dataset.","anchors":["RDA-F1-01D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a persistent identifier' (priorit","RDA-F1-02D — FAIR Data Maturity Model: 'Data is identified by a globally unique identifier'","FsF-F1-02D — F-UJI/FAIRsFAIR: 'Data is assigned a persistent identifier'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_repository_named","label":"Named repository","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The study's own data are provided as supplementary material within the article, not deposited in a named repository. [majority verdict 'no' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F4-01M — FAIR Data Maturity Model: metadata is offered so it can be harvested and indexed (","NIH DMS Policy Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — name the repository where data will be archived","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Long-Term Sustainability', 'Reten"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","label":"Data-availability statement","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"The data that we have accessed in this study are part of the National Institute of Health’s (NIH) All of Us research program which contains third party data owned by the NIH. Aggregate data are available on the All of Us research program website (https://www.researchallofus.org), where individuals affiliated with partnered institutions are able register with the program for full dataset access. We have made all codes that we have used within study available within the supplementary data file and a summary of our aggregate data has been included as a supplementary table (S2 Table).","grounded":false,"rationale":"The statement points to the article's supplementary material for the study's own data (Colavizza category 2) and to a third-party website for the original data. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["Colavizza, Hrynaszkiewicz, Staden, Whitaker & McGillivray (2020), 'The citation advantage of li","Springer Nature research data policy — Data Availability Statements: standard statement templat","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_discovery_metadata","label":"Description of the dataset as an object","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"Table 1. 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[majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-F2-01M — 'Rich metadata is provided to allow discovery' (priority Essential)","FsF-F2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes descriptive core elements to support data findability'","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"f_dataset_cited","label":"Dataset formally cited","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No identifier or link for the study's own dataset appears in the reference list or body text; the dataset is only mentioned as a supplementary table.","anchors":["FORCE11 Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (2014) — data should be cited as a first-","RDA-F3-01M — metadata clearly and explicitly includes the identifier of the data it describes","FsF-F3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes the identifier of the data it describes'"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]},"A":{"name":"Accessible","score":62.5,"criteria":[{"key":"a_data_openly_accessible","label":"Access route free of preconditions","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"a summary of our aggregate data has been included as a supplementary table (S2 Table)","grounded":true,"rationale":"The study's own aggregate data are included in the article's supplementary material, which is openly accessible without any precondition. [majority verdict 'yes' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-A1.1-01D — 'Data is accessible through a free access protocol'","FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Free and Easy Access'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","label":"Access level labelled","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"a summary of our aggregate data has been included as a supplementary table (S2 Table)","grounded":true,"rationale":"The data availability statement describes the location of the aggregate data but does not provide an explicit access-level label such as 'open access' or 'publicly available'. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FsF-A1-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata contains access level and access conditions of the data'","RDA-A1-01M — metadata contains information to enable the user to get access to the data","COAR Controlled Vocabularies — Access Rights v1.0 (open / embargoed / restricted / metadata-onl"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"researchers at partnered institutions must complete data usage and privacy training before access can be granted to the dataset","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper describes a controlled-access procedure for the original All of Us data, but this does not apply to the study's own aggregate data, which are openly available without a gatekeeper. [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["NIH Genomic Data Sharing Policy (NOT-OD-14-124) — controlled-access via a Data Access Committee","RDA-A1.2-01D — 'Data is accessible through an access protocol that supports authentication and ","NIH DMS Policy Element 5 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Access, Distribution, or Reuse Considerations (conse"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","label":"Availability timing & retention","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"The paper does not specify any retention period, availability timing, or persistence commitment for the study's own data.","anchors":["NIH DMS Plan Element 4 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Data Preservation, Access, and Associated Timelines","NSTC Desirable Characteristics (2022), Organizational Infrastructure: 'Retention Policy'","RDA-A2-01M — 'Metadata is guaranteed to remain available after data is no longer available'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"I":{"name":"Interoperable","score":60.0,"criteria":[{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","label":"Open file format","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"S2 Table. 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[majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["FsF-R1.3-02D — F-UJI: 'Data is available in a file format recommended by the target research co","RDA-R1.3-02D — data is expressed in a machine-understandable community standard","RDA-I1-01D — data uses a knowledge representation expressed in a standardised format"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"i_community_standard_vocabulary","label":"Community standard / vocabulary","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"All concept identification codes (concept IDs) used to identify medications, conditions and survey responses are found within the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) framework","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names the OMOP framework, a registered community standard for observational data, applied to the data.","anchors":["RDA-R1.3-01M — 'Metadata complies with a community standard' (priority Essential)","RDA-R1.3-01D — 'Data complies with a community standard'","RDA-I2-01M — '(Meta)data use vocabularies that follow FAIR principles'"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"i_qualified_references","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":null,"grounded":false,"rationale":"No identifier for any external resource (database, cohort, code) is provided; external resources are mentioned only by name or URL.","anchors":["RDA-I3-01M — '(meta)data include references to other (meta)data'","RDA-I3-03M — 'metadata includes qualified references to other metadata'","FsF-I3-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes links between the data and its related entities'"],"scored":false,"signal":null}]},"R":{"name":"Reusable","score":66.67,"criteria":[{"key":"r_reuse_license","label":"Reuse licence","kind":"llm","weight":2.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License","grounded":true,"rationale":"The Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) is an open standard license explicitly attached to the article, which includes the supplementary data. [majority verdict 'yes' (3/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1.1-01M — 'Metadata includes information about the licence under which the data can be reu","RDA-R1.1-02M — 'Metadata refers to a standard reuse licence'","RDA-R1.1-03M — 'Metadata refers to a machine-understandable reuse licence'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"r_provenance_methods","label":"Provenance of the data","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":1.0,"verdict":"yes","evidence":"All analyses were performed within the AoU’s Researcher Workbench with the SAS Studio application (Statistical Analysis Software, SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina).","grounded":true,"rationale":"The paper names the specific software (SAS Studio) used to produce the data, satisfying the requirement for a named tool.","anchors":["RDA-R1.2-01M — 'Metadata includes provenance information according to community- specific standa","FsF-R1.2-01M — F-UJI: 'Metadata includes provenance information about data creation or generati","W3C PROV-O (W3C Recommendation, 2013) — the entity/activity/agent model of provenance"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","label":"Documentation / codebook","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"Table 1. 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[majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["RDA-R1-01M — '(Meta)data are richly described with a plurality of accurate and relevant attribu","FsF-R1-01MD — F-UJI: 'Metadata specifies the content of the data'","NIH DMS Policy Element 3 (NOT-OD-21-014) — Standards (documentation and metadata to accompany t"],"scored":false,"signal":null},{"key":"r_versioning","label":"Snapshot identified","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"The NIH’s AoU controlled tier dataset version 8 was used for all analyses performed.","grounded":true,"rationale":"While a version token is given for the third-party data, no version is provided for the study's own aggregate data or code.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — the 'Version' property","RDA-R1.2-01M — provenance information (which version was used is provenance)","NSTC Desirable Characteristics of Data Repositories (2022) — 'Provenance', 'Retention Policy'"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_code_availability","label":"Analysis code available","kind":"llm","weight":1.0,"fraction":0.5,"verdict":"partial","evidence":"We have made all codes that we have used within study available within the supplementary data file","grounded":true,"rationale":"The code is located in the article's supplementary material, which is not a machine-resolvable locator like a repository URL or DOI. [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","anchors":["NIH DMS Policy Element 2 (NOT-OD-21-014) — 'Related Tools, Software and/or Code'","FAIR4RS Principles v1.0 (Chue Hong et al., 2022; RDA/FORCE11/ReSA) — FAIR Principles for Resear","FORCE11 Software Citation Principles (Smith, Katz & Niemeyer, 2016, PeerJ CS 2:e86)"],"scored":true,"signal":null},{"key":"x_funding_attribution","label":"Funder and award number","kind":"llm","weight":0.5,"fraction":0.0,"verdict":"no","evidence":"The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.","grounded":true,"rationale":"No funder or award number is named.","anchors":["DataCite Metadata Schema 4.6 — 'FundingReference' property (funderName, funderIdentifier, award","Crossref Funder Registry — canonical funder identifiers for funding metadata","RDA-F2-01M — rich metadata provided to allow discovery (funding is part of the descriptive reco"],"scored":true,"signal":null}]}},"actions":[{"key":"f_dataset_pid","dimension":"F","label":"Persistent identifier for the data","action":"Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not provide any persistent identifier string (DOI, Handle, ARK, or repository accession) for the study's own dataset.","gain":16.67,"priority":"essential","scored":true},{"key":"f_repository_named","dimension":"F","label":"Named repository","action":"Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession. 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Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No identifier or link for the study's own dataset appears in the reference list or body text; the dataset is only mentioned as a supplementary table.","gain":8.33,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"i_open_nonproprietary_format","dimension":"I","label":"Open file format","action":"Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"S2 Table. Summary data for HS population within the AoU program. (DOCX)","why":"The only file format specified for the study's own data is DOCX, which is a proprietary format. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":4.17,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"x_code_availability","dimension":"R","label":"Analysis code available","action":"Publish the analysis code in a public forge, archive a tagged release with a DOI (Zenodo/Software Heritage), and cite that DOI in the paper. NIH DMS Element 2 asks for the tools and code, not only the data — and 'available on request' is not a locator. Archive the analysis code in a versioned repository (GitHub + a Zenodo release DOI).","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"We have made all codes that we have used within study available within the supplementary data file","why":"The code is located in the article's supplementary material, which is not a machine-resolvable locator like a repository URL or DOI. [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":4.17,"priority":"important","scored":true},{"key":"r_versioning","dimension":"R","label":"Snapshot identified","action":"Version the deposit and cite the exact version analysed (a version-specific DOI, or an accession with its version suffix). A reader reproducing your work against 'the current release' is reproducing it against a different dataset.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"The NIH’s AoU controlled tier dataset version 8 was used for all analyses performed.","why":"While a version token is given for the third-party data, no version is provided for the study's own aggregate data or code.","gain":4.17,"priority":"useful","scored":true},{"key":"x_funding_attribution","dimension":"R","label":"Funder and award number","action":"State the funder AND the award number in the paper, and put them in the dataset's FundingReference metadata. A funder name alone cannot be linked back to the award, so the funding provenance of the data is lost the moment the paper is indexed.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.","why":"No funder or award number is named.","gain":4.17,"priority":"useful","scored":true},{"key":"f_data_availability_statement","dimension":"F","label":"Data-availability statement","action":"Replace the statement with the repository template: name the repository and give the accession or DOI (Colavizza category 3). This is the only DAS class associated with a measured citation advantage; 'available on reasonable request' and 'within the article' are not.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"The data that we have accessed in this study are part of the National Institute of Health’s (NIH) All of Us research program which contains third party data owned by the NIH. Aggregate data are available on the All of Us research program website (https://www.researchallofus.org), where individuals affiliated with partnered institutions are able register with the program for full dataset access. We have made all codes that we have used within study available within the supplementary data file and a summary of our aggregate data has been included as a supplementary table (S2 Table).","why":"The statement points to the article's supplementary material for the study's own data (Colavizza category 2) and to a third-party website for the original data. [downgraded to 'no' — no verifiable quote from the paper] [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"essential","scored":false},{"key":"a_access_conditions_stated","dimension":"A","label":"Access level labelled","action":"State the access level in words, using the standard vocabulary: 'These data are open access' / 'These data are controlled access'. A reader — and a harvester — should not have to infer the access level from the presence of a download link.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"a summary of our aggregate data has been included as a supplementary table (S2 Table)","why":"The data availability statement describes the location of the aggregate data but does not provide an explicit access-level label such as 'open access' or 'publicly available'. [majority verdict 'partial' (3/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"r_documentation_codebook","dimension":"R","label":"Documentation / codebook","action":"Ship a README and a data dictionary IN the deposit — every file, every variable, its units, its allowed values, its missing-value codes. It is the cheapest single thing that makes a dataset usable by someone who was not in the lab, and a table buried in the article does not travel with the data.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"partial","current":0.5,"evidence":"Table 1. List of medications, demographic factors and comorbid conditions.","why":"Variable definitions are provided within the article itself in a table, not as a separate documentation object shipped with the data. [majority verdict 'partial' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"important","scored":false},{"key":"a_controlled_access_for_sensitive","dimension":"A","label":"Gatekeeper for sensitive data","action":"Route sensitive data through an institutional gatekeeper — deposit in a controlled- access repository (dbGaP, EGA) with a Data Access Committee and a published DUA — rather than through the corresponding author's inbox. An author-gated dataset dies with the author's email address, and 'on reasonable request' has been shown repeatedly not to yield data. For sensitive/human clinical / human-subjects data, use a controlled-access repository such as dbGaP or EGA.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":"researchers at partnered institutions must complete data usage and privacy training before access can be granted to the dataset","why":"The paper describes a controlled-access procedure for the original All of Us data, but this does not apply to the study's own aggregate data, which are openly available without a gatekeeper. [majority verdict 'no' (4/5 passes agreed)]","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false},{"key":"i_qualified_references","dimension":"I","label":"Identifiers for the resources the data depend on","action":"Cite by identifier every resource the data depend on — the source datasets' accessions, the reference build (GRCh38 / GCA_000001405.28), the cohort application number, the code DOI — and register those relations on the dataset record (IsDerivedFrom, IsSupplementTo). A name is not a link: it cannot be resolved, versioned, or followed by a machine.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"No identifier for any external resource (database, cohort, code) is provided; external resources are mentioned only by name or URL.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false},{"key":"a_timeline_retention","dimension":"A","label":"Availability timing & retention","action":"State when the data become available AND how long they will be retained — cite the repository's preservation policy. NIH DMS Element 4 asks for both; most papers give neither.","anchors":["yes","partial","no"],"verdict":"no","current":0.0,"evidence":null,"why":"The paper does not specify any retention period, availability timing, or persistence commitment for the study's own data.","gain":0.0,"priority":"useful","scored":false}],"suggestions":["Mint or cite a persistent identifier for the dataset — a repository DOI or an accession from a registered repository — and print it in the paper. A bare URL is not persistent: it is the single most common cause of a dead data link five years after publication. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Deposit the data in a repository registered in re3data/FAIRsharing (a domain repository such as GEO, SRA, dbGaP, PRIDE, or a generalist such as Zenodo, Dryad, Dataverse) and name it explicitly in the paper. A lab website is not an archive: it has no retention commitment and no accession. For clinical / human-subjects data, deposit in dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA).","Cite the dataset in the reference list like a publication — creator, year, title, repository, DOI/accession — and cite it in-text where it is used. Only a reference- list entry is machine-readable to Crossref/DataCite, and only a citation lets the data earn credit. Cite the clinical / human-subjects repository accession (e.g. from dbGaP or the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)) in the reference list.","Release the data in an open, community-standard format (CSV/TSV, JSON, HDF5, NetCDF, FASTQ, VCF, NIfTI…) instead of — or alongside — any proprietary or instrument-native format, and name the format in the paper. A dataset that needs a €2,000 licence to open is not reusable.","Publish the analysis code in a public forge, archive a tagged release with a DOI (Zenodo/Software Heritage), and cite that DOI in the paper. NIH DMS Element 2 asks for the tools and code, not only the data — and 'available on request' is not a locator. Archive the analysis code in a versioned repository (GitHub + a Zenodo release DOI)."],"model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf"},"fair_model":"deepseek/deepseek-v4-flash","fair_agent_version":"fair_agent_v8","fair_fulltext_source":"unpaywall_pdf","fair_has_llm":true,"fair_computed_at":"2026-07-20T13:24:03.188000Z","clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}