{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0303113","title":"Persistent and robust antibody responses to ChAdOx1-S Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S, Covishield) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine observed in Ugandans across varied baseline immune profiles","abstract":"Understanding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibody responses in varied antigenic and serological prior exposures can guide optimal vaccination strategies for enhanced immunogenicity. We evaluated spike (S)-directed IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody optical densities (ODs) and concentrations to the two-dose ChAdOx1-S Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S, Covishield) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in 67 Ugandans, categorised by prior infection and baseline S-IgG histories: uninfected and S-IgG-negative (n = 12); previously infected yet S-IgG-negative (n = 17); and previously infected with S-IgG-positive status (n = 38). Antibody dynamics were compared across eight timepoints from baseline till nine months. S-IgG antibodies remained consistently potent across all groups. Individuals with prior infections maintained robust S-IgG levels, underscoring the endurance of hybrid immunity. In contrast, those without prior exposure experienced an initial surge in S-IgG after the primary dose but no subsequent significant increase post-boost. However, they reached levels parallel to the previously exposed groups. S-IgM levels remained moderate, while S-IgA persisted in individuals with prior antigen exposure. ChAdOx1-S, Covishield vaccine elicited robust and sustained antibody responses in recipients, irrespective of their initial immune profiles. Hybrid immunity showed higher responses, aligning with global observations. Early post-vaccination antibody levels could predict long-term immunity, particularly in individuals without virus exposure. These findings can inform vaccine strategies and pandemic management.","journal":"PLoS ONE","year":2024,"id":458092,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9694,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1036571,"name":"Gerald Kevin Oluka","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1064534,"name":"Claire Baine","orcid":"0009-0003-6442-2253","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1035950,"name":"Violet Ankunda","orcid":"0009-0007-2007-679X","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1065122,"name":"Jackson Sembera","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":786397,"name":"Laban Kato","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1097595,"name":"Joseph Ssebwana Katende","orcid":"0000-0002-6540-5522","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1007338,"name":"Geoffrey Odoch","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1064535,"name":"Betty Oliver Auma","orcid":"0009-0004-7249-3286","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1036572,"name":"Ben Gombe","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1036573,"name":"The COVID-19 Immunoprofiling Team","orcid":null,"position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1035951,"name":"Monica Musenero","orcid":"0000-0001-6233-1516","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":36860,"name":"Pontiano Kaleebu","orcid":"0000-0001-9706-2977","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":811175,"name":"Jennifer Serwanga","orcid":"0000-0002-6672-3688","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":35,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:03:46.117860Z","pmid":"39074077","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}