{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0284614","title":"Maternal infections in pregnancy and the risk of sudden unexpected infant death in the offspring in the U.S., 2011–2015","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Infection is thought to play a part in some infant deaths. Maternal infection in pregnancy has focused on chlamydia with some reports suggesting an association with sudden unexpected infant death (SUID). OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that maternal infections in pregnancy are associated with subsequent SUID in their offspring. SETTING: All births in the United States, 2011-2015. DATA SOURCE: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Birth Cohort Linked Birth-Infant Death Data Files. STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study, although the data were analysed as a case control study. Cases were infants that died from SUID. Controls were randomly sampled infants that survived their first year of life; approximately 10 controls per SUID case. EXPOSURES: Chlamydia, gonorrhea and hepatitis C. RESULTS: There were 19,849,690 live births in the U.S. for the period 2011-2015. There were 37,143 infant deaths of which 17,398 were classified as SUID cases (a rate of 0.86/1000 live births). The proportion of the control mothers with chlamydia was 1.7%, gonorrhea 0.2% and hepatitis C was 0.3%. Chlamydia was present in 3.8% of mothers whose infants subsequently died of SUID compared with 1.7% of controls (unadjusted OR = 2.35, 95% CI = 2.15, 2.56; adjusted OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 0.98, 1.19). Gonorrhea was present in 0.7% of mothers of SUID cases compared with 0.2% of mothers of controls (OR = 3.09, (2.50, 3.79); aOR = 1.20(0.95, 1.49)) and hepatitis C was present in 1.3% of mothers of SUID cases compared with 0.3% of mothers of controls (OR = 4.69 (3.97, 5.52): aOR = 1.80 (1.50, 2.15)). CONCLUSIONS: The marked attenuation of SUID risk after adjustment for a wide variety of socioeconomic and demographic factors suggests the small increase in the risk of SUID of the offspring of mothers with infection with hepatitis C in pregnancy is due to residual confounding.","journal":"PLoS ONE","year":2023,"id":379608,"datarank":0.10397207708399181,"base_score":0.6931471805599453,"endowment":0.6931471805599453,"self_citation_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.10397207708399181,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8926,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2023-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":806871,"name":"Anusua Trivedi","orcid":"0000-0002-1315-2113","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1144777,"name":"Ratna Chembrolu","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":242668,"name":"Sanjana Gupta","orcid":"0000-0002-1393-9282","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":402204,"name":"Jan‐Marino Ramirez","orcid":"0000-0002-5626-3999","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":402205,"name":"Juan Lavista Ferres","orcid":"0000-0002-9654-3178","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":402203,"name":"Tatiana M. Anderson","orcid":"0000-0002-5464-9409","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":402202,"name":"Edwin A. Mitchell","orcid":"0000-0001-6187-7648","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1144776,"name":"Maggie Weatherly","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":25,"raw_metadata":{"citation_network_status":"fetched"},"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:16:56.650289Z","pmid":"37083949","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}