{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0247673","title":"Maltohexaose-indocyanine green (MH-ICG) for near infrared imaging of endocarditis","abstract":"Infectious endocarditis is a life-threatening disease, and diagnostics are urgently needed to accurately diagnose this disease especially in the case of prosthetic valve endocarditis. We show here that maltohexaose conjugated to indocyanine green (MH-ICG) can detect Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection in a rat model of infective endocarditis. The affinity of MH-ICG to S. aureus was determined and had a Km and Vmax of 5.4 μM and 3.0 X 10-6 μmol/minutes/108 CFU, respectively. MH-ICG had no detectable toxicity to mammalian cells at concentrations as high as 100 μM. The in vivo efficiency of MH-ICG in rats was evaluated using a right heart endocarditis model, and the accumulation of MH-ICG in the bacterial vegetations was 2.5 ± 0.2 times higher than that in the control left ventricular wall. The biological half-life of MH-ICG in healthy rats was 14.0 ± 1.3 minutes, and approximately 50% of injected MH-ICG was excreted into the feces after 24 hours. These data demonstrate that MH-ICG was internalized by bacteria with high specificity and that MH-ICG specifically accumulated in bacterial vegetations in a rat model of endocarditis. These results demonstrate the potential efficacy of this agent in the detection of infective endocarditis.","journal":"PLoS ONE","year":2021,"id":196451,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":6,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.957,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2021-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":320284,"name":"Joachim Justad Røise","orcid":"0000-0002-1794-7570","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":311049,"name":"Maomao He","orcid":"0000-0002-7682-1142","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":754702,"name":"Chung Taing","orcid":"0000-0002-3124-7167","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":769723,"name":"Alexander Rodriguez","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":235839,"name":"Niren Murthy","orcid":"0000-0002-7815-7337","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":344606,"name":"Mark M. Goodman","orcid":"0000-0002-3438-1185","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":302362,"name":"W. Robert Taylor","orcid":"0000-0002-5765-2419","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":769027,"name":"Kiyoko Takemiya","orcid":"0000-0003-0968-5125","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":33,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T23:50:15.704473Z","pmid":"33647027","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}