{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0237938","title":"Role of e-cigarettes and pharmacotherapy during attempts to quit cigarette smoking: The PATH Study 2013-16","abstract":"BACKGROUND: More smokers report using e-cigarettes to help them quit than FDA-approved pharmacotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of e-cigarettes with future abstinence from cigarette and tobacco use. DESIGN: Cohort study of US sample, with annual follow-up. PARTICIPANTS: US adult (ages 18+) daily cigarette smokers identified at Wave 1 (W1; 2013-14) of the PATH Study, who reported a quit attempt before W2 and completed W3 (n = 2443). EXPOSURES: Use of e-cigarettes, pharmacotherapy (including nicotine replacement therapy), or no product for last quit attempt (LQA), and current daily e-cigarette use at W2. ANALYSIS: Propensity score matching (PSM) of groups using different methods to quit. OUTCOME MEASURES: 12+ months abstinence at W3 from cigarettes and from all tobacco (including e-cigarettes). 30+ days abstinence at W3 was a secondary outcome. RESULTS: Among daily smokers with an LQA, 23.5% used e-cigarettes, 19.3% used pharmacotherapy only (including NRT) and 57.2% used no product. Cigarette abstinence for 12+ months at W3 was ~10% in each group. Half of the cigarette abstainers in the e-cigarette group were using e-cigarettes at W3. Different methods to help quitting had statistically comparable 12+ month cigarette abstinence at W3 (e-cigarettes vs no product: Risk Difference (RD) = 0.01, 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.06; e-cigarettes vs pharmacotherapy: RD = 0.02, 95% CI:-0.04 to 0.09). Likewise, daily e-cigarette users at W2 did not show a cessation benefit over comparable no-e-cigarette users and this finding was robust to sensitivity analyses. Abstinence for 30+ days at W3 was also similar across products. LIMITATIONS: The frequency of e-cigarette use during the LQA was not assessed, nor was it possible to assess continuous abstinence from the LQA. CONCLUSION: Among US daily smokers who quit cigarettes in 2014-15, use of e-cigarettes in that attempt compared to approved cessation aids or no products showed similar abstinence rates 1-2 years later.","journal":"PLoS ONE","year":2020,"id":58173,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":74,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8739,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":270088,"name":"Tarik Benmarhnia","orcid":"0000-0002-4018-3089","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304689,"name":"Ruifeng Chen","orcid":"0000-0003-4892-9233","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270090,"name":"Martha M. White","orcid":"0000-0003-1844-5545","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304690,"name":"David B. Abrams","orcid":"0000-0002-0868-4350","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304691,"name":"Bridget K. Ambrose","orcid":"0000-0001-9263-3056","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":226854,"name":"Carlos Blanco","orcid":"0000-0001-6187-3057","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":293730,"name":"Nicolette Borek","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304692,"name":"Kelvin Choi","orcid":"0000-0002-6753-2883","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":306423,"name":"Blair Coleman","orcid":null,"position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":236280,"name":"Wilson M. Compton","orcid":"0000-0003-3108-5118","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304693,"name":"K. Michael Cummings","orcid":"0000-0002-7103-7017","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304694,"name":"Cristine D. Delnevo","orcid":"0000-0001-9597-4307","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304695,"name":"Tara Elton‐Marshall","orcid":"0000-0002-1674-8588","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304696,"name":"Maciej Ł. Goniewicz","orcid":"0000-0001-6748-3068","position":14,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304697,"name":"Shannon Gravely","orcid":"0000-0001-5224-9105","position":15,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304698,"name":"Geoffrey T. Fong","orcid":"0000-0001-9098-6472","position":16,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":252495,"name":"Dorothy K. Hatsukami","orcid":"0000-0002-1108-2609","position":17,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":306424,"name":"James Henrie","orcid":null,"position":18,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292395,"name":"Karin A. Kasza","orcid":"0000-0002-4492-098X","position":19,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270087,"name":"Sheila Kealey","orcid":"0000-0002-9269-7153","position":20,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292406,"name":"Heather L. Kimmel","orcid":"0000-0001-8278-0095","position":21,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":293728,"name":"Jean Limpert","orcid":null,"position":22,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":306425,"name":"Raymond Niaura","orcid":null,"position":23,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":306426,"name":"Carolina Ramôa","orcid":null,"position":24,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292399,"name":"Eva Sharma","orcid":"0000-0002-1328-508X","position":25,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304699,"name":"Marushka L. Silveira","orcid":"0000-0002-4880-2550","position":26,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292398,"name":"Cassandra A. Stanton","orcid":"0000-0001-5329-6261","position":27,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304700,"name":"Michael Steinberg","orcid":"0000-0003-2661-2120","position":28,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":306427,"name":"Ethel Taylor","orcid":null,"position":29,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292403,"name":"Maansi Bansal‐Travers","orcid":"0000-0002-7944-3570","position":30,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":272650,"name":"Dennis R. Trinidad","orcid":null,"position":31,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292404,"name":"Lisa D Gardner","orcid":"0000-0003-3340-2818","position":32,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292407,"name":"Andrew Hyland","orcid":"0009-0009-6318-9932","position":33,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304701,"name":"Samir Soneji","orcid":"0000-0001-8735-276X","position":34,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304702,"name":"Karen Messer","orcid":"0000-0002-9298-2413","position":35,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":270083,"name":"John P. Pierce","orcid":"0000-0002-0075-7471","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":42,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:07:11.345501Z","pmid":"32877429","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}