{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0098356","title":"Loss of Gq/11 Genes Does Not Abolish Melanopsin Phototransduction","abstract":null,"journal":"PLoS ONE","year":2014,"id":674374,"datarank":0.5050943744979712,"base_score":3.367295829986474,"endowment":3.367295829986474,"self_citation_contribution":0.5050943744979712,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.5050943744979712,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":28,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":null,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":false,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":null,"fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":558749,"name":"Tiffany M. Schmidt","orcid":"0000-0002-4791-6775","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":307435,"name":"Alan C. Rupp","orcid":"0000-0001-5363-4494","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":232009,"name":"Paulo Kofuji","orcid":"0000-0002-4840-9986","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":381175,"name":"Jeffrey M. Trimarchi","orcid":"0000-0001-7923-1538","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1761968,"name":"Kylie S. Chew","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":false}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":{"has_enrichment":true,"resolved":true,"title":"Loss of Gq/11 Genes Does Not Abolish Melanopsin Phototransduction","abstract":"In mammals, a subset of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) expresses the photopigment melanopsin, which renders them intrinsically photosensitive (ipRGCs). These ipRGCs mediate various non-image-forming visual functions such as circadian photoentrainment and the pupillary light reflex (PLR). Melanopsin phototransduction begins with activation of a heterotrimeric G protein of unknown identity. Several studies of melanopsin phototransduction have implicated a G-protein of the Gq/11 family, which consists of Gna11, Gna14, Gnaq and Gna15, in melanopsin-evoked depolarization. However, the exact identity of the Gq/11 gene involved in this process has remained elusive. Additionally, whether Gq/11 G-proteins are necessary for melanopsin phototransduction in vivo has not yet been examined. We show here that the majority of ipRGCs express both Gna11 and Gna14, but neither Gnaq nor Gna15. Animals lacking the melanopsin protein have well-characterized deficits in the PLR and circadian behaviors, and we therefore examined these non-imaging forming visual functions in a variety of single and double mutants for Gq/11 family members. All Gq/11 mutant animals exhibited PLR and circadian behaviors indistinguishable from WT. In addition, we show persistence of ipRGC light-evoked responses in Gna11-/-; Gna14-/- retinas using multielectrode array recordings. These results demonstrate that Gq, G11, G14, or G15 alone or in combination are not necessary for melanopsin-based phototransduction, and suggest that ipRGCs may be able to utilize a Gq/11-independent phototransduction cascade in vivo.","is_dataset_classified":null,"base_score":3.367295829986474,"endowment":3.367295829986474,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"views":0,"has_version_chain":false,"is_dataset":false,"is_oa":false,"pmid":"24870805","pmcid":"PMC4037210","openalex_id":"https://openalex.org/W2054544118","authors":[],"funders":[{"funder_name":"NEI NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 EY019053","title":null},{"funder_name":"NEI NIH HHS","grant_id":"1R01EY019053","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"R01 GM076430","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"GM076430","title":null},{"funder_name":"NIGMS NIH HHS","grant_id":"T32 GM007231","title":null},{"funder_name":"NEI NIH HHS","grant_id":"P30 EY011374","title":null},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"1R01EY019053-01A1","title":"Molecular characterization of mouse melanopsin and second messenger pathway."},{"funder_name":"National Institutes of Health","grant_id":"5R01GM076430-09","title":"Role of mammalian retinal photoreceptors in non-image-forming visual functions"}],"total_grants":8,"fwci":1.3285,"citation_percentile":0.77425815,"influential_citations":0,"citation_trend":[{"year":2015,"count":3},{"year":2016,"count":6},{"year":2017,"count":2},{"year":2018,"count":3},{"year":2019,"count":2},{"year":2020,"count":1},{"year":2021,"count":2},{"year":2022,"count":3},{"year":2024,"count":1},{"year":2025,"count":3},{"year":2026,"count":2}],"oa_status":"gold","license":"cc-by","oa_locations":[{"url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0098356&type=printable","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0098356&type=printable","host_type":"publisher"},{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098356","host_type":"journal"},{"url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24870805","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4037210","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1088&context=gdcb_las_pubs","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://doaj.org/article/ed0a9261aed9431b8e140edc1749ff6e","host_type":"repository"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4037210","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"https://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4037210?pdf=render","host_type":"Europe_PMC"},{"url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098356","host_type":""},{"url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098356","host_type":""},{"url":"https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0098356","host_type":""},{"url":"https://doi.org/https://doi.org/20.500.12876/37996","host_type":""}],"fields_of_study":["Circadian rhythm and melatonin","Retinal Development and Disorders","Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","0301 basic medicine","03 medical and health sciences","0303 health sciences","Analysis of Variance","Animals","Circadian Rhythm","DNA Primers","GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11","Light Signal Transduction","Mice","Mice, Knockout","Reflex, Pupillary","Retinal Ganglion Cells","Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction","Rod Opsins","Melanopsin"],"mesh_terms":["Melanopsin","Analysis of Variance","Animals","Circadian Rhythm","Reflex, Pupillary","Retinal Ganglion Cells","Rod Opsins","DNA Primers","Mice, Knockout","Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction","GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11","Mice","Light Signal Transduction"],"keywords":["Melanopsin","Visual phototransduction","Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells","Photopigment","Biology","Cell biology","Neuroscience","Pupillary light reflex","Gq alpha subunit","Retina","G protein","Signal transduction","Retinal ganglion cell","Retinal Ganglion Cells","570","Light Signal Transduction","Science","610","Reflex, Pupillary","Mice","Genetics","Animals","DNA Primers","Mice, Knockout","Analysis of Variance","Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction","Q","R","Rod Opsins","Circadian Rhythm","Medicine","GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11","Zoology","Developmental Biology","Research 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