{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pgph.0001215","title":"Prevalence and factors associated with anogenital warts among sexual and gender minorities attending a trusted community health center in Lagos, Nigeria","abstract":"Anogenital warts caused by human papillomavirus are common in sexual and gender minorities (SGM). The prevalence of, and factors associated with warts were described for SGM with a high burden of HIV in Nigeria. Individuals who reported anal sex with men were enrolled in the TRUST/RV368 cohort. Participants completed an interviewer-led survey, provided biological samples, and had a physical examination. Specific to the Lagos site, clinic staff offered standardized warts treatment services. RDS-weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for factors potentially associated with anogenital warts. Of 672 enrolled SGM, 478 (71%) engaged in warts services and had complete data. The median age (interquartile range) was 22 (20-26) years, 272 (52%) initiated sex before age 18, and 347 (79%) were cisgender men. Multiple male sexual partners in the previous year were reported by 448 (90%) of the participants, and 342 (66%) were living with HIV. Warts were diagnosed in 252 (54%), including anal warts in 234 (43%) and penile warts in 44 (8%); 26 (5%) had both anal and penile warts. Factors independently associated with warts included HIV (AOR:2.97; CI:1.44-6.14), engaging in receptive anal sex (AOR:3.49; CI:1.25-9.75), having multiple male sexual partners (AOR:7.26; CI:2.11-24.87), age at sexual debut (AOR:0.53; CI:0.28-0.98), and non-binary gender identity (AOR:0.20; CI:0.05-0.71). Warts were common among SGM in Nigeria, particularly those living with HIV. Administration of HPV vaccination before sexual debut or as a catch-up vaccination may prevent HPV-associated complications.","journal":"PLOS Global Public Health","year":2022,"id":289591,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":5,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.8421,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2022-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":367237,"name":"Rebecca G. Nowak","orcid":"0000-0001-8404-4569","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":964076,"name":"Ruxton Adebiyi","orcid":"0000-0002-1398-7057","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":370610,"name":"Elizabeth Shoyemi","orcid":null,"position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":369887,"name":"Charles Ekeh","orcid":"0000-0002-9011-8971","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":367234,"name":"Habib O. Ramadhani","orcid":"0000-0001-9372-9359","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":292571,"name":"Charlotte A. Gaydos","orcid":"0000-0002-1021-3195","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288616,"name":"Julie A. Ake","orcid":"0000-0003-3831-5828","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":227356,"name":"Stefan Baral","orcid":"0000-0002-5482-2419","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":367236,"name":"Manhattan Charurat","orcid":"0000-0002-1719-2796","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":288618,"name":"Trevor A. Crowell","orcid":"0000-0001-5947-265X","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":370605,"name":"for the TRUST/RV368 Study Group","orcid":null,"position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":367235,"name":"Sylvia Adebajo","orcid":"0000-0002-5933-8044","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":32,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T00:30:22.686776Z","pmid":"36962635","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}