{"doi":"10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007522","title":"DRAMS: A tool to detect and re-align mixed-up samples for integrative studies of multi-omics data","abstract":"Studies of complex disorders benefit from integrative analyses of multiple omics data. Yet, sample mix-ups frequently occur in multi-omics studies, weakening statistical power and risking false findings. Accurately aligning sample information, genotype, and corresponding omics data is critical for integrative analyses. We developed DRAMS (https://github.com/Yi-Jiang/DRAMS) to Detect and Re-Align Mixed-up Samples to address the sample mix-up problem. It uses a logistic regression model followed by a modified topological sorting algorithm to identify the potential true IDs based on data relationships of multi-omics. According to tests using simulated data, the more types of omics data used or the smaller the proportion of mix-ups, the better that DRAMS performs. Applying DRAMS to real data from the PsychENCODE BrainGVEX project, we detected and corrected 201 (12.5% of total data generated) mix-ups. Of the 21 mix-ups involving errors of racial identity, DRAMS re-assigned all data to the correct racial group in the 1000 Genomes project. In doing so, quantitative trait loci (QTL) (FDR<0.01) increased by an average of 1.62-fold. The use of DRAMS in multi-omics studies will strengthen statistical power of the study and improve quality of the results. Even though very limited studies have multi-omics data in place, we expect such data will increase quickly with the needs of DRAMS.","journal":"PLoS Computational Biology","year":2020,"id":80169,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":15,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9492,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2020-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":415931,"name":"Gina Giase","orcid":"0000-0001-5924-3195","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":27813,"name":"Kay Grennan","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":21483,"name":"Annie W. Shieh","orcid":"0000-0002-1770-5846","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415932,"name":"Yan Xia","orcid":"0000-0001-6432-9911","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":348978,"name":"Lide Han","orcid":"0000-0002-0132-2656","position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415933,"name":"Quan Wang","orcid":"0000-0002-7056-0519","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415934,"name":"Qiang Wei","orcid":"0000-0001-9926-1646","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":294294,"name":"Rui Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-4341-2908","position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415935,"name":"Sihan Liu","orcid":"0000-0002-7638-4261","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":20903,"name":"Kevin P. White","orcid":"0000-0001-6934-5793","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":318157,"name":"Chao Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-5114-2282","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":108785,"name":"Bingshan Li","orcid":"0000-0003-2129-168X","position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":21434,"name":"Chunyu Liu","orcid":"0000-0002-5986-4415","position":13,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":415930,"name":"Yi Jiang","orcid":"0000-0002-1196-0280","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":23,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-18T21:51:24.704381Z","pmid":"32282793","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}