{"doi":"10.1370/afm.23.s1.8246","title":"Primary Care Research at the National Institutes of Health, 2008-2023","abstract":"<h3>Context</h3> Primary care is essential to improving population health, reducing costs, and enhancing healthcare quality. Research in primary care informs and addresses key research gaps to advance care delivery. This study examined long-term trends in NIH-funded primary care research from 2008–2023 to better understand level of support, progress and opportunities for future investment. <h3>Objective</h3> To identify and quantify NIH-funded primary care research projects during this period. <h3>Study Design</h3> Secondary data analysis. <h3>Dataset</h3> NIH database comprised of newly funded extramural research projects, 2008–2023. <h3>Population Studied</h3> Newly funded extramural primary care research projects, defined as studies conducted to better understand or improve primary care; conducted in primary care settings; about primary care patients, clinicians, or teams; or on topics integral to primary care delivery. <h3>Instrument</h3> A defined prompt and large language model using GPT-4.1 combined with manual validation identified project records based on the study definition. <h3>Outcome Measures</h3> Annual number of new primary care research projects and associated NIH funding; corresponding metrics for primary care clinical trials. <h3>Results</h3> From 2008–2023, NIH awarded 2,320 new primary care research grants, including 1,158 clinical trials, totaling $1.31 billion in funding ($796 million for clinical trials). Annual awards nearly doubled from 112 in 2008 to 221 in 2023, while annual funding rose 149% from $51 million to $127 million. Clinical trial awards increased 150% (42 to 105), with funding up 136% ($28 million to $66 million). Across all years, primary care research represented 1.7% of NIH’s total extramural awards and 1.2% of total funding. <h3>Conclusions</h3> NIH funding for primary care research has grown substantially over 15 years but remains a small proportion of the total portfolio. Further analysis of research topics and methods can identify high-priority evidence gaps, align future funding with areas of greatest potential impact, and strengthen the primary care evidence base. This work provides a replicable method for monitoring funding trends to guide strategic priorities in primary care research.","journal":null,"year":2025,"id":577380,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":0,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9581,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":178869,"name":"Jeremy Green","orcid":null,"position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":768806,"name":"Charlene Liggins","orcid":null,"position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1486917,"name":"Robert McNellis","orcid":null,"position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":0,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:58:04.622308Z","pmid":null,"pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}