{"doi":"10.1364/boe.573315","title":"Noncontact diffuse optical imaging of blood flow and oxygenation distributions in reconstructive rat skin flaps","abstract":"Perioperative identification of ischemic-hypoxic tissue is essential for reducing the risk of mastectomy skin flap necrosis (MSFN), a major complication following mastectomy. Implant-based breast reconstruction is jeopardized in the presence of MSFN. However, existing technologies are limited by depth insensitivity, dye-related risks, the need for contact sensors, and an inability to simultaneously assess both blood flow and oxygenation. A multi-wavelength speckle contrast diffuse correlation tomography (MW-scDCT) system was developed for noncontact, dye-free, and depth-sensitive imaging of tissue hemodynamics in a rat model incorporating four distinct flap scenarios: sham (SH), implant (IM), half necrosis (HN), and full necrosis (FN), representing varying degrees of tissue viability. MW-scDCT measured longitudinal changes in relative blood flow index ( rBFI ) and oxy- and deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations ( Δ [ H b O 2 ] and Δ [ H b ]) over seven days. Repeated measures analysis of variance and quadratic discriminant analysis were employed for statistical analysis. MW-scDCT enabled longitudinal imaging of tissue blood flow and oxygenation distributions, revealing significant differences across flap types and over time. In terms of discriminative power, integrating rBFI , Δ [ H b O 2 ], and Δ [ H b ] into a multivariable classification model substantially improved accuracy, achieving 80-95% compared to 40-70% using individual parameters. Binary classification of necrotic (FN + HN) versus non-necrotic (SH + IM) flaps showed up to 50% improvement in accuracy gains. MW-scDCT effectively distinguished necrotic from viable flaps and provided critical early postoperative insights into MSFN. These findings support its potential clinical utility as a perioperative monitoring tool to guide decision-making, reduce flap failure risk, and improve reconstructive outcomes.","journal":"Biomedical Optics Express","year":2025,"id":546231,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":1,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.9579,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2025-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1424985,"name":"Fatemeh Hamedi","orcid":"0000-0003-3804-9419","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":383316,"name":"Mehrana Mohtasebi","orcid":"0000-0002-4689-990X","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1110500,"name":"Faraneh Fathi","orcid":"0000-0001-8061-6304","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1425361,"name":"Faezeh Akbari","orcid":null,"position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1111077,"name":"Dara Singh","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":710175,"name":"Xuhui Liu","orcid":"0000-0002-2537-7838","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":345617,"name":"Li Chen","orcid":"0000-0003-0233-4576","position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1438349,"name":"Lesley Wong","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":304562,"name":"Lei Chen","orcid":"0000-0002-6581-0544","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":326581,"name":"Guoqiang Yu","orcid":"0000-0002-6743-7413","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1110499,"name":"Samaneh Rabienia Haratbar","orcid":"0009-0005-3051-2888","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":52,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T02:53:32.285899Z","pmid":"41368087","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}