{"doi":"10.1289/ehp13937","title":"Impact of Skin Care Products on Phthalates and Phthalate Replacements in Children: the ECHO-FGS","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Phthalates and their replacements have been implicated as developmental toxicants. Young children may be exposed to phthalates/replacements when using skin care products (SCPs). OBJECTIVES: Our objective is to assess the associations between use of SCPs and children's urinary phthalate/replacement metabolite concentrations. METHODS: ). We used linear regression to estimate the child's use of different SCPs as individual predictors of urinary phthalate/replacement metabolites, adjusted for urinary specific gravity, age, sex assigned at birth, body mass index, and self-reported race/ethnic identity, as well as maternal education, and season of specimen collection. We created self-organizing maps (SOM) to group children into \"exposure profiles\" that reflect discovered patterns of use for multiple SCPs. RESULTS: Children had lotions applied (43.0%) frequently, but \"2-in-1\" hair-care products (7.5%), sunscreens (5.9%), and oils (4.3%) infrequently. Use of lotions was associated with 1.17-fold [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 1.34] greater mono-benzyl phthalate and oils with 2.86-fold (95% CI: 1.89, 4.31) greater monoethyl phthalate (MEP), 1.43-fold (95% CI: 1.09, 1.90) greater monobutyl phthalate (MBP), and 1.40-fold (95% CI: 1.22, 1.61) greater low-molecular-weight phthalates (LMW). Use of 2-in-1 haircare products was associated with 0.84-fold (95% CI: 0.72, 0.97) and 0.78-fold (95% CI: 0.62, 0.98) lesser mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) and MBP, respectively. Child's race/ethnic identity modified the associations of lotions with LMW, oils with MEP and LMW, sunscreen with MCPP, ointments with MEP, and hair conditioner with MCPP. SOM identified four distinct SCP-use exposure scenarios (i.e., profiles) within our population that predicted 1.09-fold (95% CI: 1.03, 1.15) greater mono-carboxy isononyl phthalate, 1.31-fold (95% CI: 0.98, 1.77) greater mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl terephthalate, 1.13-fold (95% CI: 0.99, 1.29) greater monoethylhexyl phthalate, and 1.04-fold (95% CI: 1.00, 1.09) greater diethylhexyl phthalate. DISCUSSION: We found that reported SCP use was associated with urinary phthalate/replacement metabolites in young children. These results may inform policymakers, clinicians, and parents to help limit children's exposure to developmental toxicants. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13937.","journal":"Environmental Health Perspectives","year":2024,"id":433311,"datarank":0.0,"base_score":0.0,"endowment":0.0,"self_citation_contribution":0.0,"citation_network_contribution":0.0,"self_endowment_contribution":0.0,"citer_contribution":0.0,"corpus_percentile":null,"corpus_rank":null,"citation_count":14,"citer_count":0,"citers_with_citation_signal":0,"citers_with_endowment":0,"datacite_reuse_total":0,"is_dataset":false,"is_dataset_confidence":0.961,"is_data_producer":false,"deposit_databanks":null,"is_oa":true,"file_count":0,"downloads":0,"has_version_chain":false,"published_date":"2024-01-01","fair_score":null,"fair_percentile":null,"algorithm_id":"datarank_citation_only_1hop_v6","ranking_scope":"data_only","authors":[{"id":1140520,"name":"Juliana M. Clark","orcid":"0000-0002-8084-9252","position":1,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404563,"name":"John L. Pearce","orcid":"0000-0002-7343-4112","position":2,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404562,"name":"Pamela L. Ferguson","orcid":"0000-0002-4210-2625","position":3,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":363638,"name":"Roger Newman","orcid":"0000-0002-2422-619X","position":4,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":405781,"name":"James R. Roberts","orcid":null,"position":5,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":40933,"name":"William A. Grobman","orcid":"0000-0002-3979-0738","position":6,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":394336,"name":"Anthony Sciscione","orcid":null,"position":7,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":394337,"name":"Daniel Skupski","orcid":null,"position":8,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1238580,"name":"Kelly García","orcid":"0000-0001-8654-2588","position":9,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":404565,"name":"John E. Vena","orcid":"0000-0002-5554-0739","position":10,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":325319,"name":"Kelly J. Hunt","orcid":"0000-0001-8999-3587","position":11,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":1239040,"name":"the ECHO-FGS study group","orcid":null,"position":12,"is_corresponding":false},{"id":301906,"name":"Michael S. Bloom","orcid":"0000-0002-0028-5494","position":0,"is_corresponding":true}],"reference_count":72,"raw_metadata":null,"created_at":"2026-07-19T01:59:44.444627Z","pmid":"39230332","pmcid":null,"fwci":null,"citation_percentile":null,"influential_citations":0,"oa_status":null,"license":null,"views":0,"total_file_size_bytes":0,"version_count":0,"fair_f":null,"fair_a":null,"fair_i":null,"fair_r":null,"fair_zscore":null,"fair_rationale":null,"fair_model":null,"fair_agent_version":null,"fair_fulltext_source":null,"fair_has_llm":null,"fair_computed_at":null,"clinical_trials":[],"software_tools":[],"db_accessions":[],"linked_datasets":[],"topics":[]}